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arXiv 1401.7329astro-ph.CO
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恒星质量-晕质量关系和高质量晕中的恒星形成效率

Stellar mass -- halo mass relation and star formation efficiency in high-mass halos

Andrey Kravtsov, Alexey Vikhlinin, Alexander Meshscheryakov

摘要:

利用光学和红外数据精确测量恒星质量,X射线观测精确测量恒星总质量的星系团样本,研究了高质量晕中恒星质量与晕质量之间的关系。我们发现最亮星系团的恒星质量与M*BCG \propto M500 ^a_BCG成比例关系,最佳拟合斜率为a_BCG~0.35 ± 0.1,M*BCG在固定的M500 ~0.2 dex处的散射。我们表明,M*-M关系的丰度匹配或晕建模在最近的研究报告低估了恒星质量的BCGs的一个因素~2-4,因为这些研究使用的恒星质量函数(SMF)的测光的基础上,严重低估了大质量星系的外表面亮度配置文件。我们表明,使用Bernardi等人(2013)基于改进的光度学的最近SMF校准的丰度匹配导出的M*-M关系与我们导出的关系更好地一致。星系的恒星总质量与总质量M500的相关系数为\approx 0.6 ± 0.1,离散度为0.1 dex。这表明重子转化成恒星的效率随着星系团质量的增加而降低。我们发现,对于一个固定的初始质量函数(IMF)的选择,星团中的总恒星分数仅比M \approx 10 ^12 Msun晕中达到的峰值恒星分数低约3-5倍,如果IMF随着早期类型星系质量的增加而逐渐变得更重,则仅低约1.5-3倍,正如最近的观测所表明的那样。在这项研究中导出的M*-M关系的较大的归一化和斜率表明,在大质量晕中恒星形成的整体效率比以前认为的要低得多,并且在大质量晕中恒星形成的反馈和相关抑制应该比目前大多数半解析模型和模拟中假设的要弱。

英文摘要:

We study relation between stellar mass and halo mass for high-mass halos using a sample of galaxy clusters with accurate measurements of stellar masses from optical and IR data and total masses from X-ray observations. We find that stellar mass of the brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) scales as M*BCG\propto M500^a_BCG with the best fit slope of a_BCG~0.35+-0.1 and scatter of M*BCG at a fixed M500 of ~0.2 dex. We show that M*-M relations from abundance matching or halo modelling reported in recent studies underestimate stellar masses of BCGs by a factor of ~2-4, because these studies used stellar mass functions (SMF) based on photometry that severely underestimates the outer surface brightness profiles of massive galaxies. We show that M*-M relation derived using abundance matching with the recent SMF calibration by Bernardi et al. (2013) based on improved photometry is in a much better agreement with the relation we derive. The total stellar mass of galaxies correlates with total mass M500 with the slope of \approx 0.6+-0.1 and scatter of 0.1 dex. This indicates that efficiency with which baryons are converted into stars decreases with increasing cluster mass. We show that for a fixed choice of the initial mass function (IMF) total stellar fraction in clusters is only a factor of ~3-5 lower than the peak stellar fraction reached in M\approx 10^12 Msun halos, and only a factor of ~1.5-3 if the IMF becomes progressively more bottom heavy with increasing mass in early type galaxies, as indicated by recent observations. The larger normalization and slope of the M*-M relation derived in this study shows that the overall efficiency of star formation in massive halos is suppressed much less than was thought before and that feedback and associated suppression of star formation in massive halos should be weaker than assumed in most of the current semi-analytic models and simulations.

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