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arXiv 1310.6958hep-thmath-phmath.MPnlin.SI
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经典多体系统量子转移矩阵的谱

Spectrum of Quantum Transfer Matrices via Classical Many-Body Systems

A. Gorsky, A. Zabrodin, A. Zotov

摘要:

本文阐明了非均匀量子自旋链与经典可积多体系统的关系。它提供了一种替代嵌套Bethe anomaly的方法计算自旋链的光谱。也就是说,在$N$ -体Ruijsenaars-Schneider模型中,在具有扭曲边界条件的$N$位点上的非均匀${\mathfrak g}{\mathfrak l}_n$ -不变XXX自旋链的量子转移矩阵的谱可以根据粒子的速度来找到。速度的可能值是从经典模型的相空间中的两个拉格朗日子流形的交点中找到的。其中一个是对应于所有$N$粒子的固定坐标的拉格朗日超平面,另一个是通过固定$N$经典哈密顿量在对合中的能级得到的$N$维拉格朗日子流形.后者由扭转矩阵的特征值确定。为了支持这一观点,我们给出了一个直接的证明,即经典的Ruijsenaars-Schneider模型的Lax矩阵的本征值,其中粒子的速度被替换为自旋链哈密顿量的本征值,通过Bethe方程计算,与扭曲矩阵的本征值一致,具有一定的多重性。我们还证明了类似的陈述${\mathfrak g}{\mathfrak l}_n$ Gaudin模型与$N$标记点(在量子侧)和Calogero-Moser系统与$N$粒子(在经典侧)。本文还讨论了用膜和超对称规范理论实现所得结果的问题。

英文摘要:

In this paper we clarify the relationship between inhomogeneous quantum spin chains and classical integrable many-body systems. It provides an alternative (to the nested Bethe ansatz) method for computation of spectra of the spin chains. Namely, the spectrum of the quantum transfer matrix for the inhomogeneous ${\mathfrak g}{\mathfrak l}_n$-invariant XXX spin chain on $N$ sites with twisted boundary conditions can be found in terms of velocities of particles in the rational $N$-body Ruijsenaars-Schneider model. The possible values of the velocities are to be found from intersection points of two Lagrangian submanifolds in the phase space of the classical model. One of them is the Lagrangian hyperplane corresponding to fixed coordinates of all $N$ particles and the other one is an $N$-dimensional Lagrangian submanifold obtained by fixing levels of $N$ classical Hamiltonians in involution. The latter are determined by eigenvalues of the twist matrix. To support this picture, we give a direct proof that the eigenvalues of the Lax matrix for the classical Ruijsenaars-Schneider model, where velocities of particles are substituted by eigenvalues of the spin chain Hamiltonians, calculated through the Bethe equations, coincide with eigenvalues of the twist matrix, with certain multiplicities. We also prove a similar statement for the ${\mathfrak g}{\mathfrak l}_n$ Gaudin model with $N$ marked points (on the quantum side) and the Calogero-Moser system with $N$ particles (on the classical side). The realization of the results obtained in terms of branes and supersymmetric gauge theories is also discussed.

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