M. Agostini, M. Allardt, E. Andreotti, A. M. Bakalyarov, M. Balata, I. Barabanov, M. Barnabe Heider, N. Barros, L. Baudis, C. Bauer, N. Becerici-Schmidt, E. Bel… 展开作者
M. Agostini, M. Allardt, E. Andreotti, A. M. Bakalyarov, M. Balata, I. Barabanov, M. Barnabe Heider, N. Barros, L. Baudis, C. Bauer, N. Becerici-Schmidt, E. Bellotti, S. Belogurov, S. T. Belyaev, G. Benato, A. Bettini, L. Bezrukov, T. Bode, V. Brudanin, R. Brugnera, D. Budjáš, A. Caldwell, C. Cattadori, A. Chernogorov, F. Cossavella, E. V. Demidova, A. Domula, V. Egorov, R. Falkenstein, A. Ferella, K. Freund, N. Frodyma, A. Gangapshev, A. Garfagnini, C. Gotti, P. Grabmayr, V. Gurentsov, K. Gusev, K. K. Guthikonda, W. Hampel, A. Hegai, M. Heisel, S. Hemmer, G. Heusser, W. Hofmann, M. Hult, L. V. Inzhechik, L. Ioannucci, J. Janicskó Csáthy, J. Jochum, M. Junker, T. Kihm, I. V. Kirpichnikov, A. Kirsch, A. Klimenko, K. T. Knöpfle, O. Kochetov, V. N. Kornoukhov, V. V. Kuzminov, M. Laubenstein, A. Lazzaro, V. I. Lebedev, B. Lehnert, H. Y. Liao, M. Lindner, I. Lippi, X. Liu, A. Lubashevskiy, B. Lubsandorzhiev, G. Lutter, C. Macolino, A. A. Machado, B. Majorovits, W. Maneschg, M. Misiaszek, I. Nemchenok, S. Nisi, C. O'Shaughnessy, L. Pandola, K. Pelczar, G. Pessina, A. Pullia, S. Riboldi, N. Rumyantseva, C. Sada, M. Salathe, C. Schmitt, J. Schreiner, O. Schulz, B. Schwingenheuer, S. Schönert, E. Shevchik, M. Shirchenko, H. Simgen, A. Smolnikov, L. Stanco, H. Strecker, M. Tarka, C. A. Ur, A. A. Vasenko, O. Volynets, K. von Sturm, V. Wagner, M. Walter, A. Wegmann, T. Wester, M. Wojcik, E. Yanovich, P. Zavarise, I. Zhitnikov, S. V. Zhukov, D. Zinatulina, K. Zuber, G. Zuzel
The GERDA experiment located at the LNGS searches for neutrinoless double beta (0νββ) decay of ^{76}Ge using germanium diodes as source and detector. In Phase I of the experiment eight semi-coaxial and five BEGe type detectors have been deployed. The latter type is used in this field of research for the first time. All detectors are made from material with enriched ^{76}Ge fraction. The experimental sensitivity can be improved by analyzing the pulse shape of the detector signals with the aim to reject background events. This paper documents the algorithms developed before the data of Phase I were unblinded. The double escape peak (DEP) and Compton edge events of 2.615 MeV γ rays from ^{208}Tl decays as well as 2νββ decays of ^{76}Ge are used as proxies for 0νββ decay. For BEGe detectors the chosen selection is based on a single pulse shape parameter. It accepts 0.92$\pm$0.02 of signal-like events while about 80% of the background events at Q_{ββ}=2039 keV are rejected.
For semi-coaxial detectors three analyses are developed. The one based on an artificial neural network is used for the search of 0νββ decay. It retains 90% of DEP events and rejects about half of the events around Q_{ββ}. The 2νββ events have an efficiency of 0.85\pm0.02 and the one for 0νββ decays is estimated to be 0.90^{+0.05}_{-0.09}. A second analysis uses a likelihood approach trained on Compton edge events. The third approach uses two pulse shape parameters. The latter two methods confirm the classification of the neural network since about 90% of the data events rejected by the neural network are also removed by both of them. In general, the selection efficiency extracted from DEP events agrees well with those determined from Compton edge events or from 2νββ decays.
Pulse shape discrimination studies with a Broad-Energy Germanium detector for signal identification and background suppression in the GERDA double beta decay experiment
Isotopically modified Ge detectors for {\sc Gerda}: from production to operation
\textsc{Gerda}实验通过新颖的脉冲形状鉴别（PSD）技术来搜索无中微子双β（$0νβ$ β $) decay of $ ^{76} $Ge using high-purity germanium detectors made of material enriched in $ ^{76} $Ge. For Phase II of the experiment a sensitivity for the half life $ T_{1/2} ^{0ν}\，\，\sim 2 \cdot 10^{26} $ yr is envisioned. Modified Broad Energy Germanium detectors (BEGe) with thick n$ ^+ $ electrodes provide the capability to efficiently identify and reject background events, while keeping a large acceptance for the $ 0νβ $beta$ -衰变信号。生产厚窗口BEGe型探测器的\textsc{Gerda}实验的可行性证明了通过测试所有的生产步骤，从采购的同位素改性锗工作BEGe探测器。对\textsc{Gerda} Phase II原型BEGe探测器的光谱…
Pulse shape discrimination performance of Inverted Coaxial Ge detectors
我们报告的两个倒置的同轴锗探测器的特性的背景下，在未来的$^{76}$锗无中微子双β（$0νββ$）衰变实验。与目前在GERDA $0νββ$衰变实验中使用的平面宽能Ge探测器（BEGe）相比，这样的探测器可以用更大的Ge质量来生产，这是一个优点。由于电缆、电子器件和支架的减少，这将导致搜索$0νββ$衰减的背景降低。在$^{76}$ Ge Q值附近的2039 keV测量分辨率为2.5 keV，它们的脉冲形状特性与BEGe探测器相似。得出的结论是，这种类型的Ge探测器适合用于$^{76}$ Ge $0νββ$衰变实验。
Studies in Pulse Shape Discrimination for an Optimized ASIC Design
随着硅光电倍增器（SiPM）的不断发展，当其与闪烁体耦合时，可作为低反冲能量的快中子与γ相互作用的脉冲形状鉴别（PSD）光电传感器。同时，典型阵列中的大量通道要求开发低成本和低功率的电子器件。定制集成电路（ASIC）是实现此目的的理想解决方案。为了评估这种ASIC的要求，使用两个耦合到来自Onsemi的6x 6 mm SiPM的二苯乙烯和EJ-276的混合器进行研究。我们证明，这两个reflectators是可行的执行PSD的相互作用能从100千电子伏到几兆电子伏，同时优化的集成周期中使用的PSD度量。这些测量为正在开发的ASIC的设计参数提供信息。
Pulse-shape discrimination potential of new scintillator material: La-GPS:Ce
(Gd，La）$_2$ Si $_2$ O $_7$：Ce（La-GPS：Ce）是一种新型闪烁体材料，具有高的光输出、高的能量分辨率和快的衰减时间。此外，闪烁体即使在高温（高达150 $^\circ$ C）下也具有良好的光输出，并且本质上不吸湿;因此，它特别适合于地下资源勘探。粒子识别极大地扩展了闪烁体的应用范围。对于资源勘探，颗粒识别应仅在单个脉冲中完成。确认了闪烁体的脉冲形状辨别。我们比较了两种方法：一种是双门方法，一种是数字滤波方法。使用数字滤波器方法（形状指示器），在0.66 MeVee下获得用于评估$α$和$γ$颗粒之间的分离的F-测量为0.92。
CsI(Tl) Pulse Shape Discrimination with the Belle II Electromagnetic Calorimeter as a Novel Method to Improve Particle Identification at Electron-Positron Colliders
Pulse-shape discrimination with machine learning for CZT detectors at the DA$Φ$NE beam test facility
Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati INFN（弗朗卡蒂国家实验室）；Università degli Studi di Roma Tre（罗马第三大学）；University of Palermo（巴勒莫大学）；Istituto Materiali per l'Elettronica e il Magnetismo, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche（意大利国家研究委员会电子与磁性材料研究所）；Politecnico di Milano（米兰理工大学）；INFN Sezione di Milano（意大利国家核物理研究院米兰分部）；University of Zagreb（萨格勒布大学）；IFIN-HH, Institutul Național Pentru Fizică și Inginerie Nucleară Horia Hulubei（霍里亚·胡利贝伊国家物理与核工程研究所）；Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata（罗马二大）；Czech Technical University in Prague（布拉格捷克理工大学）；Jagiellonian University（雅盖隆大学）；RIKEN（理化学研究所）；Stefan Meyer Institute for Subatomic Physics（斯特凡·梅耶亚原子物理学研究所）；Technische Universität Wien（维也纳工业大学）；Tohoku University（东北大学）；Centro Ricerche Enrico Fermi（恩里科·费米研究中心）
