arXiv 1306.63942013-06-27nucl-thhep-phnucl-ex

重离子碰撞中双轻子的产生

Dilepton Production in Heavy-Ion Collisions

R. Rapp

备注：: 8 pages, 14 figures, proceedings of 8th International Workshop on Critical Point and Onset of Deconfinement (CPOD13), March 11 to 15, 2013, Napa, California, USA

摘要：

综述了超相对论重离子碰撞中产生的热火球的电磁辐射特性。我们首先概述了如何在电磁波谱函数，其中管理热生产率，涉及到（部分）恢复的手征对称性的介质效应。特别是，我们展示了如何手征和QCD求和规则，以及从格点量子色动力学的约束，可以使这些关系定量。转向双轻子数据，我们详细说明更新的时空演化和夸克-胶子等离子体发射率从晶格QCD计算。与现在可用的激发函数在双轻子光谱从RHIC光束能量扫描连接到SPS能量，我们认为，出现了一致的解释双轻子数据。结合约束良好的时空演化与国家的最先进的发射率确定大部分的辐射从周围的伪临界温度发出，从而确认共振熔化作为普遍的机制，在这个制度，兼容手性恢复。最近在RHIC和LHC的直接光子光谱中测量到的相对较软的斜率和较大的椭圆流进一步支持了这一观点。

英文摘要：

The properties of electromagnetic radiation from hot fireballs as created in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions are reviewed. We first outline how the medium effects in the electromagnetic spectral function, which governs thermal production rates, relate to the (partial) restoration of chiral symmetry. In particular, we show how chiral and QCD sum rules, together with constraints from lattice QCD, can render these relations quantitative. Turning to dilepton data, we elaborate on updates in the space-time evolution and quark-gluon plasma emission rates from lattice-QCD calculations. With a now available excitation function in dilepton spectra from the RHIC beam-energy scan connecting down to SPS energies, we argue that a consistent interpretation of dilepton data emerges. Combining well-constrained space-time evolutions with state-of-the-art emission rates identifies most of the radiation to emanate from around the pseudo-critical temperature, and thus confirms resonance melting as the prevalent mechanism in this regime, compatible with chiral restoration. Recent measurements of a relatively soft slope and large elliptic flow in direct-photon spectra at RHIC and LHC lend further support to this picture.

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