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arXiv 1306.5438astro-ph.SRastro-ph.EPastro-ph.IM
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从通量输运太阳发电机模型研究太阳黑子周期中的巨极小

Studies of grand minima in sunspot cycles from a flux transport solar dynamo model

Bidya Binay Karak, Arnab Rai Choudhuri

摘要:

我们建议,太阳活动的大极小值是由同时波动的纬向环流和Babcock-Leighton机制的极向场产生的通量传输发电机模型。结果表明:(a)纬向环流中的涨落更有效地产生巨极小;(b)巨极小的突然和逐渐启动都是可能的;(c)巨极小之间的持续时间和等待时间似乎呈指数分布;(d)纬向环流的相干时间对极大极小期的个数和平均持续时间有影响,与观测数据一致的相干时间约为30年。我们还研究了极大值的发生,发现极大值之间的持续时间和等待时间也是指数分布,就像极小值一样。最后,我们解决的问题是否巴布科克-莱顿机制可以在大极小期时,没有太阳黑子的操作。我们表明,α效应限制在对流区的上部可以拉发电机的大极小值,并可以匹配各种观测要求,如果这种α效应的幅度是适当的微调。

英文摘要:

We propose that grand minima in solar activity are caused by simultaneous fluctuations in the meridional circulation and the Babcock-Leighton mechanism for the poloidal field generation in the flux transport dynamo model. We present the following results: (a) fluctuations in the meridional circulation are more effective in producing grand minima; (b) both sudden and gradual initiations of grand minima are possible; (c) distributions of durations and waiting times between grand minima seem to be exponential; (d) the coherence time of the meridional circulation has an effect on the number and the average duration of grand minima, a coherence time of about 30 years being consistent with observational data. We also study the occurrence of grand maxima and find that the distributions of durations and waiting times between grand maxima are also exponential, like the grand minima. Finally we address the question whether the Babcock-Leighton mechanism can be operative during grand minima when there are no sunspots. We show that an alpha-effect restricted to the upper portions of the convection zone can pull the dynamo out of the grand minima and can match various observational requirements if the amplitude of this alpha-effect is suitably fine-tuned.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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