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arXiv 1305.7261cond-mat.mtrl-sci
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二十面体金属纳米颗粒的块状金属玻璃状结构

Bulk metallic glass-like structure of small icosahedral metallic nanoparticles

Vicky V. T. Doan-Nguyen, Simon A. J. Kimber, Diego Pontoni, Benjamin T. Diroll, Danielle C. Reifsnyder, Marcel Miglierini, Xiaohao Yang, Christopher B. Murray, Simon J. L. Billinge

摘要:

我们证明了非常小的金属纳米颗粒和大块金属玻璃(BMG)之间的总X射线散射方法测量的结构显着的等效性,从而连接两个不同的领域,两者都有新的光。我们的研究结果表明,对于纳米颗粒直径<5 nm的Ni纳米颗粒的结构从fcc的特征BMG样结构的变化,尽管它们是由一个单一的元素,我们称之为纳米金属玻璃(NMG)形成的效果。然而,高分辨率的TEM图像的NMG集群表现出晶格条纹表示局部有序,而不是玻璃状,结构。这些看似矛盾的结果可能会被调和,找到一个局部有序的结构,是高度各向同性的,我们表明,当地的二十面体包装内5原子壳解释了这一点。由于这种结构仅在表面附近稳定,这突出了BMG中自由体积的存在对于稳定类似的局部簇的重要性。

英文摘要:

We demonstrate a remarkable equivalence in structure measured by total X-ray scattering methods between very small metallic nanoparticles and bulk metallic glasses (BMGs), thus connecting two disparate fields, shedding new light on both. Our results show that for nanoparticle diameters <5 nm the structure of Ni nanoparticles changes from fcc to the characteristic BMG-like structure, despite them being formed from a single element, an effect we call nano-metallic glass (NMG) formation. However, high-resolution TEM images of the NMG clusters exhibit lattice fringes indicating a locally well-ordered, rather than glassy, structure. These seemingly contradictory results may be reconciled by finding a locally ordered structure that is highly isotropic and we show that local icosahedral packing within 5 atomic shells explains this. Since this structure is stabilized only in the vicinity of a surface which highlights the importance of the presence of free volume in BMGs for stabilizing similar local clusters.

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