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arXiv 1209.4553physics.atom-phquant-ph
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通过共振d波相互作用的通用三体复合

Universal three-body recombination via resonant d-wave interactions

Jia Wang, J. P. D'Incao, Yujun Wang, Chris H. Greene

备注：
7 figures
发表信息：
Phys. Rev. A 86, 062511 (2012)
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摘要：

对于三个全同玻色子通过短程力相互作用的系统，当其中两个原子将要形成两体s波二聚体时，存在无限多个三体束缚态。这就是著名的Efimov效应。这些三体态（Efimov态）被发现是普遍的超冷原子气体和最低的Efimov态跨越三体分裂阈值时，s波两体散射长度为$a \approx -9.73 r_{\rm vdW}$，$r_{\rm vdW}$是范德华长度。这篇文章的重点是这个Efimov场景的一个广义版本，其中两个原子即将形成一个两体d波二聚体，这导致了强的d波相互作用。在最近的一篇论文[B。Gao，Phys. Rev. A. { \bf 62}，050702（R）（2000）]，Bo Gao预测对于宽共振，d波二聚体总是在$a \approx 0.956 r_{\rm vdW}$附近形成。在这里，我们发现，一个单一的通用三体状态与d波二聚体也形成附近的三体分裂阈值在$a \approx 1.09 r_{\rm vdW}$和它的签名可以通过增强的三体复合。对理解复合动力学至关重要的三体有效势曲线也进行了计算和分析。提出了一种改进的计算耦合、有效势曲线和复合速率系数的方法。

英文摘要：

For a system of three identical bosons interacting via short-range forces, when two of the atoms are about to form a two-body s-wave dimer, there exists an infinite number of three-body bound states. This effect is the well-known Efimov effect. These three-body states (Efimov states) are found to be universal for ultracold atomic gases and the lowest Efimov state crosses the three-body break-up threshold when the s-wave two-body scattering length is $a \approx -9.73 r_{\rm vdW}$, $r_{\rm vdW}$ being the van der Waals length. This article focuses on a generalized version of this Efimov scenario, where two of the atoms are about to form a two-body d-wave dimer, which leads to strong d-wave interactions. In a recent paper [B. Gao, Phys. Rev. A. {\bf 62}, 050702(R) (2000)], Bo Gao has predicted that for broad resonances the d-wave dimer is always formed near $a \approx 0.956 r_{\rm vdW}$. Here we find that a single universal three-body state associated with the d-wave dimer is also formed near the three-body break-up threshold at $a \approx 1.09 r_{\rm vdW}$ and its signature can be found through enhancement of the three-body recombination. The three-body effective potential curves that are crucial for understanding the recombination dynamics are also calculated and analyzed. An improved method to calculate the couplings, effective potential curves, and recombination rate coefficients is presented.

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