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arXiv 1209.4467physics.optics
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通过optical fibers在73 km距离上进行时间传递,不确定度低于100 ps

Time transfer through optical fibers over a distance of 73 km with an uncertainty below 100 ps

M. Rost, D. Piester, W. Yang, T. Feldmann, T. Wübbena, A. Bauch

摘要:

我们证明了使用光纤在长距离使用暗光纤和硬件,通常采用双向卫星时间和频率传输(TWSTFT)的准确时间传输的能力。我们的时间传输通过光纤(TTTOF)系统是一个变种的标准TWSTFT采用光纤的传输路径,而不是自由空间传输的信号之间的两个地面站通过地球同步卫星。由于我们使用暗光纤,因此实际上对传输信号的带宽没有限制,因此我们可以使用商业设备中可用的二进制相移调制的最高码片速率。与卫星时间传递相比,这导致了增强的精度,在卫星时间传递中,由于成本原因,占用的带宽是有限的。TTTOF系统已在PTB的普通时钟实验中进行了表征和校准,综合校准不确定度估计为74 ps。在第二步中,该系统的远程部分在汉诺威莱布尼茨大学的量子光学研究所(IQ)运行,与布伦瑞克的PTB相隔73公里。与此同时,在不伦瑞克和汉诺威之间建立了一条GPS时间传递链路,这两条链路将IQ的被动氢脉泽与PTB中的参考时标UTC(PTB)连接起来。两个链路获得的结果在GPS链路结果的1-sigma不确定性范围内一致,估计为0.72 ns。与GPS链路相比,光纤链路的稳定性提高了近10倍,对其性能的评估受到被动微波激射器特性的限制。

英文摘要:

We demonstrate the capability of accurate time transfer using optical fibers over long distances utilizing a dark fiber and hardware which is usually employed in two-way satellite time and frequency transfer (TWSTFT). Our time transfer through optical fiber (TTTOF) system is a variant of the standard TWSTFT by employing an optical fiber in the transmission path instead of free-space transmission of signals between two ground stations through geostationary satellites. As we use a dark fiber there are practically no limitations to the bandwidth of the transmitted signals so that we can use the highest chip-rate of the binary phase-shift modulation available from the commercial equipment. This leads to an enhanced precision compared to satellite time transfer where the occupied bandwidth is limited for cost reasons. The TTTOF system has been characterized and calibrated in a common clock experiment at PTB, and the combined calibration uncertainty is estimated as 74 ps. In a second step the remote part of the system was operated at Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Institut fuer Quantenoptik (IQ) separated by 73 km from PTB in Braunschweig. In parallel, a GPS time transfer link between Braunschweig and Hannover was established, and both links connected a passive hydrogen maser at IQ with the reference time scale UTC(PTB) maintained in PTB. The results obtained with both links agree within the 1-sigma uncertainty of the GPS link results, which is estimated as 0.72 ns. The fiber link exhibits a nearly 10-fold improved stability compared to the GPS link, and assessment of its performance has been limited by the properties of the passive maser.

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