发光材料CdSe/CdS胶体量子点掺杂塑料Optical Fibers
Light-Generating CdSe/CdS Colloidal Quantum Dot-Doped Plastic Optical Fibers
摘要：
胶体量子点（cQD）现在是一种成熟的纳米材料，其光学特性可通过不同的尺寸和成分进行定制。然而，它们在光学器件中的使用受到限制，因为它们不能以方便的形式（例如光纤）广泛获得。随着结合纳米晶体的聚合方法的进步，可以实现适合于加工成高质量混合活性纤维的纳米复合材料。我们展示了一种塑料光纤制造方法，该方法确保了聚合物芯基质内cQD的均匀分散。对聚苯乙烯中10 $^{11}$ -10 $^{13}$ CdSe/CdS cQD/cm $^{3}$之间的负载浓度进行电子成像，证实仅零星的亚波长聚集体。因此，瑞利散射损失在低于半导体带隙的能量下占主导地位，但被525 nm附近的尖锐CdS相关吸收开始超过，从而促进cQD激发。然后，沿光纤的红移光致发光发射被最低限度地再吸收，光谱几乎不受聚合的影响，量子产率保持在其初始值的$\sim$ 65 $\%$。后者与玻璃化转变温度和折射率一起与cQD浓度无关，因此产生成比例增加的光输出。我们的cQD掺杂光纤在几天内的光稳定性在5 $\%$以内，显示出功能材料应用的巨大前景。
英文摘要：
Colloidal quantum dots (cQDs) are now a mature nanomaterial with optical properties customizable through varying size and composition. However, their use in optical devices is limited as they are not widely available in convenient forms such as optical fibers. With advances in polymerization methods incorporating nanocrystals, nanocomposite materials suitable for processing into high quality hybrid active fibers can be achieved. We demonstrate a plastic optical fiber fabrication method which ensures homogeneous dispersion of cQDs within a polymer core matrix. Loading concentrations between 10$^{11}$-10$^{13}$ CdSe/CdS cQDs per cm$^{3}$ in polystyrene were electronically imaged, confirming only sporadic sub-wavelength aggregates. Rayleigh scattering losses are therefore dominant at energies below the semiconductors' band gap, but are overtaken by a sharp CdS-related absorption onset around 525 nm facilitating cQD excitation. The redshifted photoluminescence emission is then minimally reabsorbed along the fiber with a spectrum barely affected by the polymerization and a quantum yield staying at $\sim$65$\%$ of its initial value. The latter, along with the glass transition temperature and refractive index, is independent of the cQD concentration hence yielding a proportionally increasing light output. Our cQD-doped fibers are photostable to within 5$\%$ over days showing great promise for functional material applications.
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