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arXiv 1209.2296physics.flu-dynnlin.CD
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湍流对色散中的几何和剧烈事件

Geometry and violent events in turbulent pair dispersion

Rehab Bitane, Holger Homann, Jeremie Bec

摘要:

本文用直接数值模拟的方法研究了均匀各向同性流中拉格朗日对色散的统计特性。重点是偏离理查森涡扩散模型,特别是在强烈的波动所经历的示踪剂。得到的证据表明,距离的分布达到一个几乎自相似的制度,其特征在于一个非常弱的不连续性。收敛到这种行为的时间尺度被发现是由在初始分离的尺度上测量的动能耗散时间给出的。相反,示踪剂之间的速度差异显示出强烈的异常行为,其标度性质非常接近拉格朗日结构函数。这些剧烈的波动被解释几何,并被证明是负责的初始分离的长期记忆。尽管这种强烈的不稳定性,它被发现,混合力矩定义的纵向速度差的立方和距离之间的比率达到统计上的稳定制度在很短的时间尺度。这些结果被汇集在一起,以解决暴力事件的距离分布的问题。据发现,距离远大于平均达到的对,总是分开更快,因为初始时间。它们在示踪剂间距离概率分布的尾部贡献了拉伸指数行为。尾部在大的时候接近纯指数,与Richardson扩散方法相矛盾。同时,距离分布在很小的值时表现出与时间相关的幂律行为,这可以用分形几何来解释。据认为,并证明数值的指数收敛到一个在大的时间,再次与理查森的分布冲突。

英文摘要:

The statistics of Lagrangian pair dispersion in a homogeneous isotropic flow is investigated by means of direct numerical simulations. The focus is on deviations from Richardson eddy-diffusivity model and in particular on the strong fluctuations experienced by tracers. Evidence is obtained that the distribution of distances attains an almost self-similar regime characterized by a very weak intermittency. The timescale of convergence to this behavior is found to be given by the kinetic energy dissipation time measured at the scale of the initial separation. Conversely the velocity differences between tracers are displaying a strongly anomalous behavior whose scaling properties are very close to that of Lagrangian structure functions. These violent fluctuations are interpreted geometrically and are shown to be responsible for a long-term memory of the initial separation. Despite this strong intermittency, it is found that the mixed moment defined by the ratio between the cube of the longitudinal velocity difference and the distance attains a statistically stationary regime on very short timescales. These results are brought together to address the question of violent events in the distribution of distances. It is found that distances much larger than the average are reached by pairs that have always separated faster since the initial time. They contribute a stretched exponential behavior in the tail of the inter-tracer distance probability distribution. The tail approaches a pure exponential at large times, contradicting Richardson diffusive approach. At the same time, the distance distribution displays a time-dependent power-law behavior at very small values, which is interpreted in terms of fractal geometry. It is argued and demonstrated numerically that the exponent converges to one at large time, again in conflict with Richardson's distribution.

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