arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1202.2771cs.DScs.SI
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多尺度矩阵采样与次线性时间PageRank计算

Multi-Scale Matrix Sampling and Sublinear-Time PageRank Computation

Christian Borgs, Michael Brautbar, Jennifer Chayes, Shang-Hua Teng

摘要:

在Web科学和社会网络分析中的许多应用中出现的基本问题是,给定任意的近似因子$c>1$,输出节点的集合$S$,其以高概率包含至少$Δ$的PageRank的所有节点,并且没有PageRank小于$Δ/c$的节点。我们将此问题称为{ \sc SignificantPageRanks}。我们开发了一个接近最优的,本地算法的问题与运行时的复杂性$\tilde{O}(n/Δ)$网络上的$n$节点。我们发现,任何解决这个问题的算法必须有运行时间的$Ω(n/Δ)$,使我们的算法最佳的对数因子。我们的算法有两个主要的技术贡献。第一个是一个基本的矩阵问题,可能是感兴趣的本身的多尺度采样方案。在抽象矩阵问题中,假设可以通过查询其行来访问未知的{ \em右随机矩阵},其中查询的成本和答案的准确性取决于精度参数$ε$。以$1/ε$的代价命题,查询将返回一个$O(1/ε)$条目及其索引的列表,这些条目提供行的$ε$精度近似值。我们的任务是找到一个集合,该集合包含所有和至少为$Δ$的列,并忽略任何和小于$Δ/c$的列。我们的多尺度采样方案解决了这个问题的成本$\tilde{O}(n/Δ)$,而传统的采样算法将需要时间$Θ((n/Δ)^2)$。我们的第二个主要的技术贡献是一个新的本地算法近似个性化的PageRank,这是更强大的比早期开发的\cite{JehW03,AndersenCL06},是非常有效的,特别是对于网络与大的入度或出度。结合我们的多尺度采样方案,我们能够最佳地解决{ \sc SignificantPageRanks}问题。

英文摘要:

A fundamental problem arising in many applications in Web science and social network analysis is, given an arbitrary approximation factor $c>1$, to output a set $S$ of nodes that with high probability contains all nodes of PageRank at least $Δ$, and no node of PageRank smaller than $Δ/c$. We call this problem {\sc SignificantPageRanks}. We develop a nearly optimal, local algorithm for the problem with runtime complexity $\tilde{O}(n/Δ)$ on networks with $n$ nodes. We show that any algorithm for solving this problem must have runtime of $Ω(n/Δ)$, rendering our algorithm optimal up to logarithmic factors. Our algorithm comes with two main technical contributions. The first is a multi-scale sampling scheme for a basic matrix problem that could be of interest on its own. In the abstract matrix problem it is assumed that one can access an unknown {\em right-stochastic matrix} by querying its rows, where the cost of a query and the accuracy of the answers depend on a precision parameter $ε$. At a cost propositional to $1/ε$, the query will return a list of $O(1/ε)$ entries and their indices that provide an $ε$-precision approximation of the row. Our task is to find a set that contains all columns whose sum is at least $Δ$, and omits any column whose sum is less than $Δ/c$. Our multi-scale sampling scheme solves this problem with cost $\tilde{O}(n/Δ)$, while traditional sampling algorithms would take time $Θ((n/Δ)^2)$. Our second main technical contribution is a new local algorithm for approximating personalized PageRank, which is more robust than the earlier ones developed in \cite{JehW03,AndersenCL06} and is highly efficient particularly for networks with large in-degrees or out-degrees. Together with our multiscale sampling scheme we are able to optimally solve the {\sc SignificantPageRanks} problem.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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