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arXiv 1202.2768cond-mat.stat-mechquant-ph
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孤立宏观量子系统的平衡

Equilibration of isolated macroscopic quantum systems

Peter Reimann, Michael Kastner

摘要:

我们研究了一个孤立的宏观量子系统的平衡,在这个意义上说,从一个稳定状态的偏差变得不可测量的小的绝大多数时间内任何足够大的时间间隔。主要的要求是,初始状态,可能远离平衡,表现出宏观人口最多一个能级和简并的能量本征值和能隙(能量本征值的差异)是不是非常大的多重性。我们的方法密切遵循并扩展了Short和Farrelly [2012 New J. Phys. 14 013063]最近的工作,特别是超越了有限维系统和大有效维度的领域。

英文摘要:

We investigate the equilibration of an isolated macroscopic quantum system in the sense that deviations from a steady state become unmeasurably small for the overwhelming majority of times within any sufficiently large time interval. The main requirements are that the initial state, possibly far from equilibrium, exhibits a macroscopic population of at most one energy level and that degeneracies of energy eigenvalues and of energy gaps (differences of energy eigenvalues) are not of exceedingly large multiplicities. Our approach closely follows and extends recent works by Short and Farrelly [2012 New J. Phys. 14 013063], in particular going beyond the realm of finite-dimensional systems and large effective dimensions.

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