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arXiv 1111.5917astro-ph.EP
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早期太阳系通过扩展风的球粒形成

Chondrule formation via extended winds in the early solar system

Raquel Salmeron, Trevor Ireland

摘要:

球粒陨石被认为是太阳星云的组成部分,而我们的太阳系就是由太阳星云形成的。它们是硅酸盐和氧化物物体(球粒和耐火夹杂物)的混合物,经历了极高的温度,设置在相对较冷的基质中。陨石的普遍存在表明它们是通过一个非常普遍的过程形成的,与恒星和行星形成密切相关,但是几十年来,负责机制的性质和属性仍然不清楚。然而,陨石球粒和耐火内含物提供的热太阳星云的证据,似乎与天体物理学对恒星形成的观察不一致。这强烈地表明,原恒星盘--恒星和行星形成的气体和尘埃的螺旋盘--相对较冷,并且表现出典型的温度,不足以在主小行星带中含有球粒的陨石所采样的径向距离处熔化和蒸发硅酸盐矿物。在这里,我们提出了计算的动力学和热结构的原恒星磁盘,加速风从磁盘表面。这些风通常与年轻的恒星物体有关,是早期太阳系的类似物。我们还提出了在这样的风中的尘埃颗粒的处理模型,表明这些流出物是合适的球粒形成的网站。

英文摘要:

Chondrite meteorites are believed to represent the building blocks of the solar nebula, out of which our solar system formed. They are a mixture of silicate and oxide objects (chondrules and refractory inclusions) that experienced extremely high temperatures, set in a matrix that remained relatively cold. The prevalence of chondrites suggests that they formed through a very general process, closely related to stellar and planet formation, however the nature and properties of the responsible mechanism have remained unclear for many decades. The evidence for a hot solar nebula provided by chondrules and refractory inclusions is, however, seemingly at odds with astrophysical observations of forming stars. These strongly indicate that protostellar disks - the inspiralling disks of gas and dust out of which stars and planets form - are relatively cool, and exhibit typical temperatures that are insufficient to melt and vapourise silicate minerals at the radial distances sampled by chondrule-bearing meteorites in the main asteroid belt. Here we present calculations of the dynamical and thermal structure of protostellar disks that accelerate a wind from the disk surfaces. These winds are commonly associated with young stellar objects and are the analogues of the early solar system. We also present models of the processing of dust particles in such winds, showing that these outflows are suitable sites for chondrule formation.

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