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arXiv 1012.0324astro-ph.EP
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MHD湍流太阳星云中球粒对尘埃的吸积

Accretion of dust by chondrules in a MHD-turbulent solar nebula

Augusto Carballido

摘要:

利用磁流体动力学(MHD)数值模拟方法研究了湍流太阳星云中被陨石球粒卷起的尘埃地幔的生长过程。太阳星云的一个小邻域由一个半径为3天文单位的气体轨道补丁表示,并包括气体密度的垂直分层。星云气体的差速旋转被剪切流所取代。湍流是由磁旋转不稳定性(MRI)导致的流的不稳定性驱动的,由此锚定到气体的磁场线被剪切运动连续拉伸。被动污染物模仿小尘埃颗粒,空气动力学良好地耦合到气体,球粒是由拉格朗日粒子通过阻力与气体相互作用。每当球粒进入尘埃渗透的区域时,它的半径以一定的速率增长,该速率取决于当地的尘埃密度和球粒与尘埃之间的相对速度。当地沙尘丰度相应减少。不同的球粒体积密度导致不同的耗尽和边缘球粒大小的增长时间。大部分的尘埃清扫发生在星云中平面的1个气体尺度高度内。陨石球粒可以在10到800年内达到它们的渐近半径。星云湍流强度的垂直变化导致平均边缘球粒大小与星云高度的适度依赖。这里使用的技术可以结合蒙特卡罗(MC)的方法,包括尘埃压实的物理学,在自洽的MHD-MC模型的尘埃边缘生长周围的球粒在太阳星云。

英文摘要:

(Abridged) Numerical magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of a turbulent solar nebula are used to study the growth of dust mantles swept up by chondrules. A small neighborhood of the solar nebula is represented by an orbiting patch of gas at a radius of 3 AU, and includes vertical stratification of the gas density. The differential rotation of the nebular gas is replaced by a shear flow. Turbulence is driven by destabilization of the flow as a result of the magnetorotational instability (MRI), whereby magnetic field lines anchored to the gas are continuously stretched by the shearing motion. A passive contaminant mimics small dust grains that are aerodynamically well coupled to the gas, and chondrules are modeled by Lagrangian particles that interact with the gas through drag. Whenever a chondrule enters a region permeated by dust, its radius grows at a rate that depends on the local dust density and the relative velocity between itself and the dust. The local dust abundance decreases accordingly. Different chondrule volume densities lead to varying depletion and rimmed-chondrule size growth times. Most of the dust sweep-up occurs within 1 gas scale height of the nebula midplane. Chondrules can reach their asymptotic radius in 10 to 800 years. The vertical variation of nebula turbulent intensity results in a moderate dependence of mean rimmed-chondrule size with nebula height. The technique used here could be combined with Monte Carlo (MC) methods that include the physics of dust compaction, in a self-consistent MHD-MC model of dust rim growth around chondrules in the solar nebula.

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