Let $A_{i}\ (i=1, 2, ..., k)$ be bounded linear operators on a Hilbert space. This paper aims to show characterizations of operator order $A_{k}\geq A_{k-1}\geq...\geq A_{2}\geq A_{1}>0$ in terms of operator inequalities. Afterwards, an application of the characterizations is given to operator equalities due to Douglas's majorization and factorization theorem.
We investigate possible quantifications of strictly singular operators, $l_{p}$-strictly singular operators, $c_{0}$-strictly singular operators, strictly cosingular operators, $l_{p}$-strictly cosingular operators. We prove quantitative, even strengthening versions of well-known results about relationships of these five classes of operators and compact, weakly compact, unconditionally converging operators.
An algebra A of operators on a Banach space X is called strictly semi-transitive if for all non-zero x,y in X there exists an operator S in A such that Sx=y or Sy=x. We show that if A is norm-closed and strictly semi-transitive, then every A-invariant linear subspace is norm-closed. Moreover, Lat A is totally and well ordered by reverse inclusion. If X is complex and A is transitive and strictly semi-transitive, then A is WOT-dense in L(X). It is also shown that if A is an operator algebra on a complex Banach space with no invariant operator ranges, then A is WOT-dense in L(X). This generalize…
The class of strictly singular operators originating from the dual of a separable Banach space is written as an increasing union of $ω_1$ subclasses which are defined using the Schreier sets. A question of J. Diestel, of whether a similar result can be stated for strictly cosingular operators, is studied.
We give some new characterizations of strictly Lipschitz p-summing operators. These operators have been introduced in order to improve the Lipschitz p-summing operators. Therefore, we adapt this definition for constructing other classes of Lipschitz mappings which are called strictly Lipschitz p-nuclear and strictly Lipschitz (p,r,s)-summing operators. Some interesting properties and factorization results are obtained for these new classes.
We study the interpolation and extrapolation properties of strictly singular operators between different $L_p$ spaces. To this end, the structure of strictly singular non-compact operators between $L_p-L_q$ spaces is analyzed. Among other things, we clarify the relation between strict singularity and the $L$-characteristic set of an operator. In particular, Krasnoselskii's interpolation theorem for compact operators is extended to the class of strictly singular operators.
We prove that strictly elliptic operators with generalized Wentzell boundary conditions generate analytic semigroups of angle $\fracπ{2}$ on the space of continuous function on a compact manifold with boundary.
Using the notion of $S_ξ$-strictly singular operator introduced by Androulakis, Dodos, Sirotkin and Troitsky, we define an ordinal index on the subspace of strictly singular operators between two separable Banach spaces. In our main result, we provide a sufficient condition implying that this index is bounded by $ω_1$. In particular, we apply this result to study operators on totally incomparable spaces, hereditarily indecomposable spaces and spaces with few operators.
Let $A_{1}$, $A_{2}$, $...$, $A_{k}$ be strictly positive operators on a Hilbert space. This note is to show a sufficient condition of $A_{k}\geq A_{k-1}\geq\geq A_{3}\geq A_{2}\geq A_{1}$, which extends the related result before.
A continuous linear operator $T:E \to F$ is called strictly singular if it cannot be invertible on any infinite dimensional closed subspace of its domain. In this note we discuss sufficient conditions and consequences of the phenomenon $LB(E,F)=L_s(E,F)$, which means that every continuous linear bounded operator defined on $E$ into $F$ is strictly singular.
Exploiting several $\ell_p$-factorization results for strictly singular operators, we study the strict singularity of the multiplication operator $L_A R_B\colon T\mapsto ATB$ on $\mathcal L(X)$ for various Banach spaces~$X$.
We study strictly elliptic differential operators with Dirichlet boundary conditions on the space $\mathrm{C}(\overline{M})$ of continuous functions on a compact, Riemannian manifold $\overline{M}$ with boundary and prove sectoriality with optimal angle $\fracπ{2}$.
We present a method for constructing bounded strictly singular non-compact operators on mixed Tsirelson spaces defined either by the families (A_n) or (S_n) of a certain class, as well as on spaces built on them, including hereditarily indecomposable spaces.
We construct a Hereditarily Indecomposable Banach space $\eqs_d$ with a Schauder basis \seq{e}{n} on which there exist strictly singular non-compact diagonal operators. Moreover, the space $\mc{L}_{\diag}(\eqs_d)$ of diagonal operators with respect to the basis \seq{e}{n} contains an isomorphic copy of $\ell_{\infty}(\N)$.
This paper presents a constructive proof of the existence of a regular non-atomic strictly-positive measure on any second-countable non-atomic locally compact Hausdorff space. This construction involves a sequence of finitely-additive set functions defined recursively on an ascending sequence of rings of subsets with a premeasure limit that is extendable to a measure with the desired properties. Non-atomicity of the space provides a non-trivial way to ensure that the limit is a premeasure.
We study the family of isomorphisms and strictly singular operators in mixed Tsirelson spaces and their modified versions setting. We show sequential minimality of modified mixed Tsirelson spaces $T_M[(\mc{S}_n,θ_n)]$ satisfying some regularity conditions and present results on existence of strictly singular non-compact operators on subspaces of mixed Tsirelson spaces defined by the families $(\mc{A}_n)_n$ and $(\mc{S}_n)_n$.
We study the Fourier characterisation of strictly positive definite functions on compact abelian groups. Our main result settles the case $G = F \times \mathbb{T}^r$, with $r \in \mathbb{N}$ and $F$ finite. The characterisation obtained for these groups does not extend to arbitrary compact abelian groups; it fails in particular for all torsion-free groups.
We present condition on higher order asymptotic behaviour of basic sequences in a Banach space ensuring the existence of bounded non-compact strictly singular operator on a subspace. We apply it in asymptotic $\ell_p$ spaces, $1\leq p<\infty$, in particular in convexified mixed Tsirelson spaces and related asymptotic $\ell_p$ HI spaces.
We present a necessary and sufficient condition for the strict positive definiteness of a real, continuous, isotropic and positive definite kernel on a two-point compact homogeneous space. The characterization adds to others previously obtained by D. Chen at all (2003) in the case in which the space is a sphere of dimension at least 2 and Menegatto at all (2006) in the case in which the space is the unit circle. As an application, we use the characterization to improve upon a recent result on the differentiability of positive definite kernels on the spaces.
We prove that if T is a strictly singular 1-1 operator defined on an infinite dimensional Banach space X, then for every infinite dimensional subspace Y of X there exists an infinite dimensional subspace Z of Y such that Z contains orbits of T of every finite length and the restriction of T on Z is a compact operator.
In this paper, we give a new approach to the theory of strictly positive kernels. Our method is based on the structure of Fock spaces. As its applications, various examples of strictly positive kernels are given. Moreover, we give a new proof of the universal approximation theorem for the Gauss kernel.
V. D. Milman proved in \cite{Milman:70} that the product of two strictly singular operators on $L_p[0,1]$ ($1\le p<\infty$) or on $C[0,1]$ is compact. In this note we utilize Schreier families $§_ξ$ in order to define the class of $§_ξ$-strictly singular operators, and then we refine the technique of Milman to show that certain products of operators from this class are compact, under the assumption that the underlying Banach space has finitely many equivalence classes of Schreier-spreading sequences. Finally we define the class of $§_ξ$-hereditarily indecomposable Banach spaces and we examine …
A classification of weakly compact multiplication operators on L(L_p), $1<p<\infty$, is given. This answers a question raised by Saksman and Tylli in 1992. The classification involves the concept of $\ell_p$-strictly singular operators, and we also investigate the structure of general $\ell_p$-strictly singular operators on L_p. The main result is that if an operator T on L_p, 1<p<2, is $\ell_p$-strictly singular and T_{|X} is an isomorphism for some subspace X of L_p, then X embeds into L_r for all r<2, but X need not be isomorphic to a Hilbert space. It is also shown that if T is convolution…
We study the structure of strictly singular non-compact operators between $L_p$ spaces. Answering a question raised in [Adv. Math. 316 (2017), 667-690], it is shown that there exist operators $T$, for which the set of points $(\frac1p,\frac1q)\in(0,1)\times (0,1)$ such that $T:L_p\rightarrow L_q$ is strictly singular but not compact contains a line segment in the triangle $\{(\frac1p,\frac1q):1<p<q<\infty\}$ of any positive slope. This will be achieved by means of Riesz potential operators between metric measure spaces with different Hausdorff dimension. The relation between compactness and st…
For each $n \in \mathbb{N}$ a Banach space $\mathfrak{X}_{0,1}^n$ is constructed is having the property that every normalized weakly null sequence generates either a $c_0$ or $\ell_1$ spreading models and every infinite dimensional subspace has weakly null sequences generating both $c_0$ and $\ell_1$ spreading models. The space $\mathfrak{X}_{0,1}^n$ is also quasiminimal and for every infinite dimensional closed subspace $Y$ of $\mathfrak{X}_{0,1}^n$, for every $S_1,S_2,\ldots,S_{n+1}$ strictly singular operators on $Y$, the operator $S_1S_2\cdots S_{n+1}$ is compact. Moreover, for every subsp…
We construct a family $(\mathcal{X}_\al)_{\al\le ω_1}$ of reflexive Banach spaces with long transfinite bases but with no unconditional basic sequences. In our spaces $\mathcal{X}_\al$ every bounded operator $T$ is split into its diagonal part $D_T$ and its strictly singular part $S_T$.
In this paper, we introduce and study the class of {\it enriched strictly pseudocontractive mappings} in Hilbert spaces and extend the corresponding convergence theorem (Theorem 12) in [Browder, F. E., Petryshyn, W. V., {\it Construction of fixed points of nonlinear mappings in Hilbert space}, J. Math. Anal. Appl. {\bf 20} (1967), 197--228] and Theorem 3.1 in [Marino, G., Xu, H.-K., {\it Weak and strong convergence theorems for strict pseudo-contractions in Hilbert spaces}, J. Math. Anal. Appl. {\bf 329} (2007), no. 1, 336--346], from the class of strictly pseudocontractive mappings to that of…
Based on the recently introduced uniform $λ-$adjustment for closed subspaces of Banach spaces we extend the concept of the strictly singular and finitely strictly singular operators to the sequences of closed subspaces and operators in Banach spaces and prove theorems about lower semi--Fredholm stability. We also state some new open questions related to strict singularity and the geometry of Banach spaces.
Let $X$ and $Y$ be separable Banach spaces and denote by $\sss\sss(X,Y)$ the subset of $\llll(X,Y)$ consisting of all strictly singular operators. We study various ordinal ranks on the set $\sss\sss(X,Y)$. Our main results are summarized as follows. Firstly, we define a new rank $\rs$ on $\sss\sss(X,Y)$. We show that $\rs$ is a co-analytic rank and that dominates the rank $\varrho$ introduced by Androulakis, Dodos, Sirotkin and Troitsky [Israel J. Math., 169 (2009), 221-250]. Secondly, for every $1\leq p<+\infty$ we construct a Banach space $Y_p$ with an unconditional basis such that $\sss\sss…
In the first part of the paper we prove that for $2 < p, r < \infty$ every operator $T: L_p \to \ell_r$ is narrow. This completes the list of sequence and function Lebesgue spaces $X$ with the property that every operator $T:L_p \to X$ is narrow. Next, using similar methods we prove that every $\ell_2$-strictly singular operator from $L_p$, $1<p<\infty$, to any Banach space with an unconditional basis, is narrow, which partially answers a question of Plichko and Popov posed in 1990. A theorem of H. P. Rosenthal asserts that if an operator $T$ on $L_1[0,1]$ satisfies the assumption that for eac…
Necessary and sufficient conditions are given for the solvability of the operator valued two-variable autoregressive filter problem. In addition, in the two variable suboptimal Nehari problem sufficient conditions are given for when a strictly contractive little Hankel has a strictly contractive symbol.
We characterize the commutant of the analytic Toeplitz operators modulo operators of Schatten-p-class on suitable multivariable domains. We show that a result of J. Xia on compact perturbations of Toeplitz operators on the unit disc remains true on strictly pseudoconvex and symmetric domains in C^n if the ideal of compact operators is replaced by the Schatten-p-classes with p strictly less than infinity.
We consider the Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator associated to a strictly elliptic operator on the space $\mathrm{C}(\partial M)$ of continuous functions on the boundary $\partial M$ of a compact manifold $\overline{M}$ with boundary. We prove that it generates an analytic semigroup of angle $\fracπ{2}$. This yields that the corresponding strictly elliptic operator with Wentzell boundary conditions generates a compact and analytic semigroups of angle $\fracπ{2}$ on the space $\mathrm{C}(\overline{M})$.
Let $SS$ and $SC$ be the strictly singular and the strictly cosingular operators acting between Banach spaces, and let $PΦ_+$ and $PΦ_+$ be the perturbation classes for the upper and the lower semi-Fredholm operators. We study two classes of operators $ΦS$ and $ΦC$ that satisfy $SS\subset ΦS \subset PΦ_+$ and $SC\subset ΦC\subset PΦ_-$. We give some conditions under which these inclusions become equalities, from which we derive some positive solutions to the perturbation classes problem for semi-Fredholm operators.
Let $\mathbb{H}\trianglelefteq\mathbb{G}$ be a closed normal subgroup of a locally compact quantum group. We introduce a strictly positive group-like element affiliated with $L^{\infty}(\mathbb{G})$ that, roughly, measures the failure of $\mathbb{G}$ to act measure-preservingly on $\mathbb{H}$ by conjugation. The triviality of that element is equivalent to the condition that $\mathbb{G}$ and $\mathbb{G}/\mathbb{H}$ have the same modular element, by analogy with the classical situation. This condition is automatic if $\mathbb{H}\le \mathbb{G}$ is central, and in general implies the unimodularit…
We show that the perturbation class for the upper semi-Fredholm operators between two Banach spaces X and Y coincides with the strictly singular operators when X is subprojective and that the perturbation class for the lower semi-Fredholm operators coincides with the strictly cosingular operators when Y is superprojective. Similar results were previously obtained under stronger conditions for X and Y.
We study operators on the Kalton-Peck Banach space $Z_2$ from various points of view: matrix representations, examples, spectral properties and operator ideals. For example, we prove that there are non-compact, strictly singular operators acting on $Z_2$, but the product of two of them is a compact operator. Among applications, we show that every copy of $Z_2$ in $Z_2$ is complemented, and each semi-Fredholm operator on $Z_2$ has complemented kernel and range, the space $Z_2$ is $Z_2$-automorphic and we give a partial solution to a problem of Johnson, Lindenstrauss and Schetchman about strictl…
We explore the relation between lattice versions of strict singularity for operators from a Banach lattice to a Banach space. In particular, we study when the class of disjointly strictly singular operators, those not invertible on the span of any disjoint sequence, coincides with that of lattice strictly singular operators, i.e. those not invertible on any (infinite dimensional) sublattice. New results are given which help to clarify the existing relation between these two classes.
In recent years the coincidence of the operator relations equivalence after extension (EAE) and Schur coupling (SC) was settled for the Hilbert space case. For Banach space operators, it is known that SC implies EAE, but the converse implication is only known for special classes of operators, such as Fredholm operators with index zero and operators that can in norm be approximated by invertible operators. In this paper we prove that the implication EAE $\Rightarrow$ SC also holds for inessential Banach space operators. The inessential operators were introduced as a generalization of the compac…
The paper is concerned with the Bari basis property of a boundary value problem associated in $L^2([0,1]; \mathbb{C}^2)$ with the following $2 \times 2$ Dirac-type equation for $y = {\rm col}(y_1, y_2)$: $$L_U(Q) y =-i B^{-1} y' + Q(x) y = λy , \quad B = \begin{pmatrix} b_1 & 0 \\ 0 & b_2 \end{pmatrix}, \quad b_1 < 0 < b_2, $$ with a potential matrix $Q \in L^2([0,1]; \mathbb{C}^{2 \times 2})$ and subject to the strictly regular boundary conditions $Uy :=\{U_1, U_2\}y=0$. If $b_2 = -b_1 =1$ this equation is equivalent to one dimensional Dirac equation. We show that the system of root vectors $…
Let $S$ be the multiplicative semigroup of $q\times q$ matrices with positive entries such that every row and every column contains a strictly positive element. Denote by $(X_n)_{n\geq1}$ a sequence of independent identically distributed random variables in $S$ and by $X^{(n)} = X_n ... X_1$, $ n\geq 1$, the associated left random walk on $S$. We assume that $(X_n)_{n\geq1}$ verifies the contraction property $¶(\bigcup_{n\geq1}[X^{(n)} \in S^\circ])>0$, where $S^\circ $ is the subset of all matrices which have strictly positive entries. We state conditions on the distribution of the random mat…
In 1968, H. Brezis introduced a notion of operator pseudomonotonicity which provides a unified approach to monotone and nonmonotone variational inequalities (VIs). A closely related notion is that of Ky-Fan hemicontinuity, a continuity property which arises if the famous Ky-Fan minimax inequality is applied to the VI framework. It is clear from the corresponding definitions that Ky-Fan hemicontinuity implies Brezis pseudomonotonicity, but quite surprisingly, a recent publication by Sadeqi and Paydar (J. Optim. Theory Appl., 165(2):344-358, 2015) claims the equivalence of the two properties. Th…