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arXiv 1111.1362math.OA
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子因子、平面代数与旋转

Subfactors, Planar Algebras and Rotations

Michael Burns

摘要:

子因子和纽结理论之间的最初联系产生了琼斯多项式,琼斯将极值有限指数$II_1$子因子的标准不变量公理化为球面$C^*$ -平面代数,在arXiv:math.QA/9909027中提出,是最优雅和最强大的描述。我们将这个公理化自然扩张到任意类型的有限指标子因子的情形。我们还提供了第一个步骤,在无限指数的情况下,一个有限的平面结构。旋转的中心作用,提供了平面结构的主要非平凡部分,是贯穿本作品的一个反复出现的主题。在有限指标的情况下,$C^*$ -平面代数的公理需要被削弱到不允许内部圆盘旋转,从而产生刚性$C^*$ -平面代数的概念。我们证明了任何有限指标子因子的标准不变量具有刚性的$C^*$ -平面代数结构。然后,我们表明,旋转可以重新引入与相关的校正项完全控制的Radon-Nikodym衍生物的两个正则状态的第一个相对交换子,$N' \cap M$。通过变形的刚性$C^*$ -平面代数,获得一个球形$C^*$ -平面代数和提升的逆结构的子因子水平,我们表明,任何刚性$C^*$ -平面代数出现的标准不变的有限指数$II_1$子因子配备了一个条件期望,这在一般情况下是不保迹。琼斯的结果因此完全推广到一般的有限指数的情况。最后,我们将我们的机器应用于$II_1$的情况下,脱落的新的光的旋转研究黄[11]和接触的工作简要波帕[29]。(续第103条)

英文摘要:

Growing out of the initial connections between subfactors and knot theory that gave rise to the Jones polynomial, Jones' axiomatization of the standard invariant of an extremal finite index $II_1$ subfactor as a spherical $C^*$-planar algebra, presented in arXiv:math.QA/9909027, is the most elegant and powerful description available. We make the natural extension of this axiomatization to the case of finite index subfactors of arbitrary type. We also provide the first steps toward a limited planar structure in the infinite index case. The central role of rotations, which provide the main non-trivial part of the planar structure, is a recurring theme throughout this work. In the finite index case the axioms of a $C^*$-planar algebra need to be weakened to disallow rotation of internal discs, giving rise to the notion of a rigid $C^*$-planar algebra. We show that the standard invariant of any finite index subfactor has a rigid $C^*$-planar algebra structure. We then show that rotations can be re-introduced with associated correction terms entirely controlled by the Radon-Nikodym derivative of the two canonical states on the first relative commutant, $N' \cap M$. By deforming a rigid $C^*$-planar algebra to obtain a spherical $C^*$-planar algebra and lifting the inverse construction to the subfactor level we show that any rigid $C^*$-planar algebra arises as the standard invariant of a finite index $II_1$ subfactor equipped with a conditional expectation, which in general is not trace preserving. Jones' results thus extend completely to the general finite index case. We conclude by applying our machinery to the $II_1$ case, shedding new light on the rotations studied by Huang [11] and touching briefly on the work of Popa [29]. (continued in article)

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