arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1111.1152q-bio.PEcond-mat.stat-mechphysics.bio-ph
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人口统计学噪音可以导致物种的自发形成

Demographic noise can lead to the spontaneous formation of species

Tim Rogers, Alan J. McKane, Axel G. Rossberg

摘要:

当一群表型多样的生物体相互竞争有限的资源时,最相似的生物之间的竞争最激烈,种群可以进化成紧密定位的集群。这个过程可以被认为是物种出现的一个简单模型。过去的研究忽略了人口噪声的影响,并在宏观尺度上研究了种群,发现物种的形成取决于曲线的形状,描述了竞争强度与表型距离的下降。在下文中,我们将展示如何将人口统计学噪声的影响包括在内,从而得出一个完全不同的结论。确定了两种情况:一个弱噪音制度,其中人口表现出的宏观描述周围的波动模式,和一个强噪音制度,物种自发出现的情况下,即使所有的生物体具有相等的健身。

英文摘要:

When a collection of phenotypically diverse organisms compete with each other for limited resources, with competition being strongest amongst the most similar, the population can evolve into tightly localised clusters. This process can be thought of as a simple model of the emergence of species. Past studies have neglected the effects of demographic noise and studied the population on a macroscopic scale, where species formation is found to depend upon the shape of the curve describing the decline of competition strength with phenotypic distance. In the following, we will show how including the effects of demographic noise leads to a radically different conclusion. Two situations are identified: a weak-noise regime in which the population exhibits patterns of fluctuation around the macroscopic description, and a strong-noise regime where species appear spontaneously even in the case that all organisms have equal fitness.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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