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arXiv 1109.2895astro-ph.COastro-ph.GA
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0 < z < 3时大质量Galerkin的对分数

The Pair Fraction of Massive Galaxies at 0 < z < 3

Allison W. S. Man, Sune Toft, Andrew W. Zirm, Stijn Wuyts, Arjen van der Wel

摘要:

利用COSMOS巡天的HST/NICMOS $H_{160}$波段图像,对198个0 < z < 3.0的星系进行质量选择($M_{\star} \ge 10^{11} M_{\odot}$),发现了大质量星系在z ~ 2以上的偶分数演化的证据。我们观测到在1.7 < z < 3.0时,大质量星系的配对比例为0.15 \pm 0.08,这里的星系配对定义为在30 kpc的投影距离内,伴星流量比为1:1 ~ 1:4的大质量星系。这是略低,但仍然与以前在其他研究中测得的对分数,并在晕占领模型预测的合并分数一致。对分数的红移演化由幂律F(z)=(0.07 \pm 0.04)*(1+z)^(0.6 \pm 0.5)描述。合并率与没有红移演化是一致的,但是由于有限的样本量和合并时间尺度的高度不确定性,很难约束。基于合并率的计算,我们估计一个大质量星系从z = 3到0平均经历1.1 \pm 0.5的大合并。观测到的合并分数足以解释大质量星系的数密度演化,但不足以解释大小演化。这是一个暗示,机制(S)以外的主要合并可能需要增加的质量,紧凑的静止星系的大小从z ~ 2到0。

英文摘要:

Using a mass-selected ($M_{\star} \ge 10^{11} M_{\odot}$) sample of 198 galaxies at 0 < z < 3.0 with HST/NICMOS $H_{160}$-band images from the COSMOS survey, we find evidence for the evolution of the pair fraction above z ~ 2, an epoch in which massive galaxies are believed to undergo significant structural and mass evolution. We observe that the pair fraction of massive galaxies is 0.15 \pm 0.08 at 1.7 < z < 3.0, where galaxy pairs are defined as massive galaxies having a companion of flux ratio from 1:1 to 1:4 within a projected separation of 30 kpc. This is slightly lower, but still consistent with the pair fraction measured previously in other studies, and the merger fraction predicted in halo-occupation modelling. The redshift evolution of the pair fraction is described by a power law F(z) = (0.07 \pm 0.04) * (1+z) ^ (0.6 \pm 0.5). The merger rate is consistent with no redshift evolution, however it is difficult to constrain due to the limited sample size and the high uncertainties in the merging timescale. Based on the merger rate calculation, we estimate that a massive galaxy undergoes on average 1.1 \pm 0.5 major merger from z = 3 to 0. The observed merger fraction is sufficient to explain the number density evolution of massive galaxies, but insufficient to explain the size evolution. This is a hint that mechanism(s) other than major merging may be required to increase the sizes of the massive, compact quiescent galaxies from z ~ 2 to 0.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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