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arXiv 1301.7063astro-ph.CO
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z=2.3时的紧凑、大质量、静态半导体的前身是什么?NMBS和CANDELS中z>3的大质量半导体粒子布居

What Are the Progenitors of Compact, Massive, Quiescent Galaxies at z=2.3? The Population of Massive Galaxies at z>3 from NMBS and CANDELS

Mauro Stefanon, Danilo Marchesini, Gregory H. Rudnick, Gabriel B. Brammer, Katherine E. Whitaker

摘要:

利用NMBS和CANDELS巡天的公开数据,研究z>3的大质量星系的星族,以确定z~2致密、大质量、静止(CMQ)星系的潜在祖先,进一步加深我们对大质量星系演化的理解。我们的工作是由高分辨率的CANDELS图像和精确的光度红移,恒星质量和恒星形成率(SFR)从37波段NMBS测光。z>3的大质量星系的总数与z~2处的大质量静止星系(MQ)的数量一致,这意味着所有这些星系的SFR在z~2处一定要低得多。我们发现了4个z>3的CMQ星系,将观测到这些星系的时间向后推。然而,这些星系的体积密度明显小于z<2的星系,具有相似的质量,SFR和大小,这意味着额外的CMQ星系必须在z=3和z=2之间的~1 Gyr中产生。我们在z~3处发现了5个致密的(Re<1.4 kpc)恒星质量M*>10^(10.6)Msun的恒星形成星系,它们很可能成为z~2处CMQ星系群的成员。我们采用5种不同的恒星形成历史(SFH),并研究由此产生的大质量星系在z=2.3的人口演变的恒星质量和SFR的每个单独的z>3星系。我们发现,下降或截断SFH是必要的,以匹配观测到的数量密度的MQ星系在z~2,而一个恒定的SFH的结果在数量密度显着小于观测。所有我们假设的SFH都意味着CMQ星系在z~2处的数密度与观测到的数密度一致。与观测到的CMQ星系在z~2的数密度更好的协议,如果合并是包括在分析中,更好的是,如果恒星形成淬灭被假定为不久之后的合并事件,所暗示的MQ星系形成的最新模型。

英文摘要:

[Abridged] Using public data from the NMBS and CANDELS surveys, we study the population of massive galaxies at z>3 to identify the potential progenitors of z~2 compact, massive, quiescent (CMQ) galaxies, furthering our understanding of the evolution of massive galaxies. Our work is enabled by high-resolution CANDELS images and accurate photometric redshifts, stellar masses and star formation rates (SFRs) from 37-band NMBS photometry. The total number of z>3 massive galaxies is consistent with the number of massive quiescent (MQ) galaxies at z~2, implying that the SFRs for all of these galaxies must be much lower by z~2. We discover 4 CMQ galaxies at z>3, pushing back the time for which such galaxies have been observed. However, the volume density for these galaxies is significantly less than that of galaxies at z<2 with similar masses, SFRs, and sizes, implying that additional CMQ galaxies must be created in the ~1 Gyr between z=3 and z=2. We find 5 star-forming galaxies at z~3 that are compact (Re<1.4 kpc) and have stellar mass M*>10^(10.6)Msun, likely to become members of the CMQ galaxy population at z~2. We evolve the stellar masses and SFRs of each individual z>3 galaxy adopting 5 different star formation histories (SFHs) and studying the resulting population of massive galaxies at z=2.3. We find that declining or truncated SFHs are necessary to match the observed number density of MQ galaxies at z~2, whereas a constant SFH results in a number density significantly smaller than observed. All of our assumed SFHs imply number densities of CMQ galaxies at z~2 that are consistent with the observed number density. Better agreement with the observed number density of CMQ galaxies at z~2 is obtained if merging is included in the analysis and better still if star formation quenching is assumed to shortly follow the merging event, as implied by recent models of formation of MQ galaxies.

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