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arXiv 1104.3860astro-ph.CO
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用X-Shooter研究z=1.80的致密大质量星系的恒星速度色散:确认质量-尺寸和质量-色散关系的演化

The stellar velocity dispersion of a compact massive galaxy at z=1.80 using X-Shooter: confirmation of the evolution in the mass-size and mass-dispersion relations

Jesse van de Sande, Mariska Kriek, Marijn Franx, Pieter G. van Dokkum, Rachel Bezanson, Katherine E. Whitaker, Gabriel Brammer, Ivo Labbé, Paul J. Groot, Lex Kaper

摘要:

最近的光度学研究表明,恒星质量固定的早型星系在早期更小,密度更大。在本文中,我们评估发现,推导出这样一个紧凑的静态星系在z=1.8的动力学质量。我们使用VLT上的X-Shooter获得了NMBS-C7447星系全UV-NIR波长覆盖的高质量光谱。我们确定的速度色散为294 +- 51公里/秒。考虑到这种速度色散和1.64 +- 0.15 kpc的有效半径(由HST-WFC 3 F160 W的观测结果确定),我们得出动力学质量为1.7 +- 0.5 x 10^11 Msun。全光谱与恒星星族合成模型的比较表明,NMBS-C774有一个相对年轻的恒星星族(0.40 Gyr),几乎没有恒星形成,恒星质量约为1.5 x 10^11 Msun。动力学和光度恒星质量是很好的协议。因此,我们的研究支持了这样的结论,即静止星系的质量密度在早期确实较高,而这一早期结果不是由系统测量误差引起的。通过结合不同红移下的光谱测量,我们发现在固定动力学质量下,z=1.8时的速度色散比z=0时高出约1.8倍。最后,我们表明,在z>1.5的几个可用的速度色散测量值之间的明显差异是一致的质量-尺寸关系的内在散射。

英文摘要:

Recent photometric studies have shown that early-type galaxies at fixed stellar mass were smaller and denser at earlier times. In this paper we assess that finding by deriving the dynamical mass of such a compact quiescent galaxy at z=1.8. We have obtained a high-quality spectrum with full UV-NIR wavelength coverage of galaxy NMBS-C7447 using X-Shooter on the VLT. We determined a velocity dispersion of 294 +- 51 km/s. Given this velocity dispersion and the effective radius of 1.64 +- 0.15 kpc (as determined from HST-WFC3 F160W observations) we derive a dynamical mass of 1.7 +- 0.5 x 10^11 Msun. Comparison of the full spectrum with stellar population synthesis models indicates that NMBS-C774 has a relatively young stellar population (0.40 Gyr) with little or no star formation and a stellar mass of ~1.5 x 10^11 Msun. The dynamical and photometric stellar mass are in good agreement. Thus, our study supports the conclusion that the mass densities of quiescent galaxies were indeed higher at earlier times, and this earlier result is not caused by systematic measurement errors. By combining available spectroscopic measurements at different redshifts, we find that the velocity dispersion at fixed dynamical mass was a factor of ~1.8 higher at z=1.8 compared to z=0. Finally, we show that the apparent discrepancies between the few available velocity dispersion measurements at z>1.5 are consistent with the intrinsic scatter of the mass-size relation.

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