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arXiv 1204.3099astro-ph.CO
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z~2处稳态半导体的深吸收线研究:动力学质量-尺寸关系和基本面上的第一约束

Deep Absorption Line Studies of Quiescent Galaxies at z~2: The Dynamical Mass-Size Relation, and First Constraints on the Fundamental plane

S. Toft, A. Gallazzi, A. Zirm, M. Wold, S. Zibetti, C. Grillo, A. Man

摘要:

我们给出了z=2处静止星系的动力学和结构标度关系,包括动力学质量-尺寸关系和基本平面(FP)上的第一约束。分析的骨干是一个新的,非常深的VLT/X-射手光谱的一个大规模的,紧凑的,静止的星系在z=2.0389。我们探测到3700- 22000 A之间的连续谱和几个强吸收特征(巴耳末系,Ca H+K,G带),由此我们得到318 +/- 53 km/s的恒星速度色散。我们进行详细的建模的连续发射和线指数,并得出强的年龄,金属丰度和恒星质量的同时约束。该星系是一个尘埃(A_V=0.77(+0.36,-0.32))、太阳金属丰度(log(Z/Zsun)= 0.02(+0.20,-0.41))的星暴后星系,平均光度加权log(年龄/年)为8.9 +/- 0.1。该星系的大部分恒星都是在z>3时形成的,目前几乎没有或没有正在形成的恒星。我们编译了另外三个z~2静止星系的样本,并测量了它们的速度色散,其中两个也是类似于后星暴的。它们的动力学质量-尺寸关系的偏移量明显小于恒星质量-尺寸关系,我们将其归因于较低的中心暗物质分数。最近的宇宙学合并模拟与数据定性一致,但不能完全解释暗物质部分的演化。z~2 FP需要在被动恒星老化之外的额外演化才能与局部FP一致。宇宙学模拟预测的结构演化是不够的,这表明需要额外的,可能是非同源的结构演化。

英文摘要:

We present dynamical and structural scaling relations of quiescent galaxies at z=2, including the dynamical mass-size relation and the first constraints on the fundamental plane (FP). The backbone of the analysis is a new, very deep VLT/X-shooter spectrum of a massive, compact, quiescent galaxy at z=2.0389. We detect the continuum between 3700-22000A and several strong absorption features (Balmer series, Ca H+K, G-band), from which we derive a stellar velocity dispersion of 318 +/- 53 km/s. We perform detailed modeling of the continuum emission and line indices and derive strong simultaneous constraints on the age, metallicity, and stellar mass. The galaxy is a dusty (A_V=0.77 (+0.36,-0.32)) solar metallicity (log(Z/Zsun) = 0.02 (+0.20,-0.41)) post starburst galaxy, with a mean luminosity weighted log(age/yr) of 8.9 +/- 0.1. The galaxy formed the majority of its stars at z>3 and currently has little or no ongoing star formation. We compile a sample of three other z~2 quiescent galaxies with measured velocity dispersions, two of which are also post starburst like. Their dynamical mass-size relation is offset significantly less than the stellar mass-size relation from the local early type relations, which we attribute to a lower central dark matter fraction. Recent cosmological merger simulations qualitatively agree with the data, but can not fully account for the evolution in the dark matter fraction. The z~2 FP requires additional evolution beyond passive stellar aging, to be in agreement with the local FP. The structural evolution predicted by the cosmological simulations is insufficient, suggesting that additional, possibly non-homologous structural evolution is needed.

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