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arXiv 1108.3606astro-ph.CO
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盘状矮星合并形成矮球状星系

Formation of Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies Via Mergers of Disky Dwarfs

Stelios Kazantzidis, Ewa L. Lokas, Lucio Mayer, Alexander Knebe, Jaroslaw Klimentowski

摘要:

我们进行无碰撞N体模拟,以调查是否旋转支持的矮星之间的二进制合并可以导致矮球状星系(dSphs)的形成。我们的模拟活动是基于一种混合的方法,结合宇宙学模拟和受控的数值实验。我们选择合并事件的本地组(LG)的约束本地UniversE(CLUES)模拟和记录的相互作用的矮星大小的晕的属性。这些信息随后被用于种子控制实验的矮星系之间的二进制遇到指数恒星盘嵌入宇宙学动机的暗物质晕。这些模拟旨在再现8个宇宙学合并事件,相互作用系统的初始质量在~(5-60)x 10^7 Mo之间,发生在LG历史的早期,超过10 Gyr。我们计算合并残余物的性质作为一个遥远的观察者会证明,至少有三个模拟的遭遇产生系统的运动学和结构特性类似于那些经典的dSphs在LG。跟踪历史的残余物在宇宙学模拟z=0,我们发现,两个类dSph-like对象保持孤立的距离大于800 kpc的银河系或M31。这些系统构成了遥远的dSphs鲸鱼座和杜鹃座的合理对应物,它们位于LG的郊区,远离主星系的潮汐影响。我们的结论是合并的旋转支持的矮星代表了一个可行的机制,在LG和类似的环境中形成的dSphs。

英文摘要:

We perform collisionless N-body simulations to investigate whether binary mergers between rotationally-supported dwarfs can lead to the formation of dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs). Our simulation campaign is based on a hybrid approach combining cosmological simulations and controlled numerical experiments. We select merger events from a Constrained Local UniversE (CLUES) simulation of the Local Group (LG) and record the properties of the interacting dwarf-sized halos. This information is subsequently used to seed controlled experiments of binary encounters between dwarf galaxies consisting of exponential stellar disks embedded in cosmologically-motivated dark matter halos. These simulations are designed to reproduce eight cosmological merger events, with initial masses of the interacting systems in the range ~ (5-60) x 10^7 Mo, occurring quite early in the history of the LG, more than 10 Gyr ago. We compute the properties of the merger remnants as a distant observer would and demonstrate that at least three of the simulated encounters produce systems with kinematic and structural properties akin to those of the classic dSphs in the LG. Tracing the history of the remnants in the cosmological simulation to z=0, we find that two dSph-like objects remain isolated at distances larger than 800 kpc from either the Milky Way or M31. These systems constitute plausible counterparts of the remote dSphs Cetus and Tucana which reside in the LG outskirts, far from the tidal influence of the primary galaxies. We conclude that merging of rotationally-supported dwarfs represents a viable mechanism for the formation of dSphs in the LG and similar environments.

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