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arXiv 1107.5802gr-qchep-th
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通过经典物质模拟宇宙的量子演化

Modeling the quantum evolution of the universe through classical matter

J. P. M. Pitelli, P. S. Letelier

摘要:

众所周知,充满完美流体的弗里德曼-勒梅特-罗伯逊-沃克(FLRW)的正则量子化导致非奇异宇宙,在以后的时间里,表现为它们的经典对应物。这意味着比例因子$<a>(t)$的期望值永远不会消失,并且作为$t\to\infty$,我们恢复了比例因子的经典表达式。在本文中,我们表明,这样的宇宙可以重现经典宇宙学给定的宇宙充满了一种奇异的物质。在理想流体的情况下,我们发现一个隐式状态方程(EoS)。然后,我们表明,这个单一的流体与隐含的EoS是相当于两个非相互作用的流体,其中之一代表刚性物质的负能量密度。在两个无相互作用的标量场的情况下,其中一个是幻影型的,我们找到它们的势能。在这两种情况下,我们发现,量子力学通过加入一种具有负能量密度的流体或标量场,在很小的时间内完全改变了物质的构型。随着时间的推移,负能量的密度降低,我们恢复了经典宇宙的普通内容。宇宙的初始波函数越集中在经典大爆炸奇点周围,就越需要增加负能量,因为这种类型的能量将负责消除经典奇点。

英文摘要:

It is well known that the canonical quantization of the Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) filled with a perfect fluid leads to nonsingular universes which, for later times, behave as their classical counterpart. This means that the expectation value of the scale factor $<a>(t)$ never vanishes and, as $t\to\infty$, we recover the classical expression for the scale factor. In this paper, we show that such universes can be reproduced by classical cosmology given that the universe is filled with an exotic matter. In the case of a perfect fluid, we find an implicit equation of state (EoS). We then show that this single fluid with an implict EoS is equivalent to two non-interacting fluids, one of them representing stiff matter with negative energy density. In the case of two non-interacting scalar fields, one of them of the phantom type, we find their potential energy. In both cases we find that quantum mechanics changes completely the configuration of matter for small values of time, by adding a fluid or a scalar field with negative energy density. As time passes, the density of negative energy decreases and we recover the ordinary content of the classical universe. The more the initial wave function of the universe is concentrated around the classical big bang singularity, the more it is necessary to add negative energy, since this type of energy will be responsible for the removal of the classical singularity.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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