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arXiv 1107.4885astro-ph.EP
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气体巨行星-超地球系统中2:1可压缩性的出现

Occurrence of the 2:1 commensurability in a gas giant-Super-Earth system

E. Podlewska-Gaca, E. Szuszkiewicz

摘要:

我们研究如何发生在原行星盘的条件可能会决定一个行星系从这样的磁盘出现的最终结构。我们集中我们的注意力在磁盘和行星之间的动态相互作用,导致轨道迁移,这反过来,在有利的情况下,可以驱动行星进入平均运动的可伸缩性。我们发现,对于一个系统包含一个气体巨星的外部轨道和一个超级地球的内部之一,都嵌入在一个气体盘,2:1共振是一个非常可能的配置,所以可以预期它作为一个结果的早期阶段的行星系形成。我们的结论是基于一个广泛的计算调查中,我们问什么是光盘的属性(表面密度和粘度)的2:1可互换性可能达到。为了回答这个问题,我们采用了一个完整的二维流体动力学处理的磁盘行星的相互作用。在一般情况下,我们可以声称,有利于2:1平均运动共振的条件存在于原行星盘的质量吸积率典型的缓慢吸积金牛座T星。对于吸积速率高于2:1可解释性所需的吸积速率,我们观察到各种行为,其中包括3:2共振的通道,超级地球的散射或气体巨星向外迁移引起的发散迁移。我们已经从数值模拟得到的结果进行了比较,从现有的迁移速度和平均运动共振的强度的解析表达式的预测。我们已经找到的条件,为实现2:1的可解释性进行了讨论的框架内的属性的原行星盘,是已知的观测。

英文摘要:

We investigate how the conditions occurring in a protoplanetary disc may determine the final structure of a planetary system emerging from such a disc. We concentrate our attention on the dynamical interactions between disc and planets leading to orbital migration, which in turn, in favourable circumstances, can drive planets into a mean-motion commensurability. We find that for a system containing a gas giant on the external orbit and a Super-Earth on the internal one, both embedded in a gaseous disc, the 2:1 resonance is a very likely configuration, so one can expect it as an outcome of the early phases of the planetary system formation. Our conclusion is based on an extensive computational survey in which we ask what are the disc properties (the surface density and the viscosity) for which the 2:1 commensurability may be attained. To answer this question we employ a full two-dimensional hydrodynamic treatment of the disc-planet interactions. In general terms, we can claim that the conditions which favour the 2:1 mean-motion resonance exist in the protoplanetary discs with mass accretion rates typical for slowly accreting T Tauri stars. For accretion rates higher than those needed for the 2:1 commensurability we observe a variety of behaviours, among them the passage to the 3:2 resonance, the scattering of the Super-Earth or the divergent migration caused by the outward migration of the gas giant. The results we have obtained from numerical simulations are compared with the predictions coming from the existing analytical expressions of the migration speed and the strength of the mean motion resonances. The conditions that we have found for the attainment of the 2:1 commensurability are discussed in the framework of the properties of protoplanetary discs that are known from the observations.

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