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arXiv 1107.4273physics.bio-phphysics.flu-dynq-bio.CB
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找到具有最佳效率的纤毛跳动模式

Finding the ciliary beating pattern with optimal efficiency

Natan Osterman, Andrej Vilfan

摘要:

我们引入了一个衡量生物纤毛单独或集体作用的能量效率的方法,并根据这个标准数值确定了最佳的跳动模式。最大限度地提高单个纤毛的效率会导致卷曲,通常是对称的,有些违反直觉的模式。但是当观察一个浓密的纤毛表面时,最佳模式变得与在草履虫等微生物中观察到的非常相似。最佳击打模式则由快速有效冲程和缓慢扫动恢复冲程组成。异时协调对于有效泵浦是必不可少的,并且利用反激波实现最高效率。效率也随着纤毛密度的增加而增加,直到拥挤成为问题的程度。最后,我们与纤毛的泵送效率的球形微生物的游泳效率,并表明草履虫的实验估计的效率是令人惊讶的接近理论上可能的最佳。

英文摘要:

We introduce a measure for energetic efficiency of biological cilia acting individually or collectively and numerically determine the optimal beating patterns according to this criterion. Maximizing the efficiency of a single cilium leads to curly, often symmetric and somewhat counterintuitive patterns. But when looking at a densely ciliated surface, the optimal patterns become remarkably similar to what is observed in microorganisms like Paramecium. The optimal beating pattern then consists of a fast effective stroke and a slow sweeping recovery stroke. Metachronal coordination is essential for efficient pumping and the highest efficiency is achieved with antiplectic waves. Efficiency also increases with an increasing density of cilia up to the point where crowding becomes a problem. We finally relate the pumping efficiency of cilia to the swimming efficiency of a spherical microorganism and show that the experimentally estimated efficiency of Paramecium is surprisingly close to the theoretically possible optimum.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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