磁驱动人工纤毛的非对称运动
Asymmetric motion of magnetically actuated artificial cilia
摘要：
大多数微生物使用具有不对称跳动的毛发状纤毛来执行重要的生物物理过程。在本文中，我们展示了一种新的制造方法，用于创建磁性人工纤毛，能够在低雷诺数下创建微流体传输所必需的这种生物启发的不对称跳动模式。纤毛的制造使用平版印刷工艺结合磁性镍铁坡莫合金的沉积，以产生可通过改变外部磁场来操纵的柔性细丝。旋转的永磁体用于驱动纤毛。我们研究纤毛的运动学，并证明纤毛运动是由弹性，磁性和粘性力之间的相互作用。具体地，向前冲程由弯曲纤毛的磁体的旋转引起，而恢复冲程由变形的纤毛的拉直限定，释放累积的弹性势能量。在向前划水和恢复划水期间作用的主导力的这种差异导致纤毛的不对称跳动模式。这种磁性纤毛可以在微流体泵送、混合和其他流体处理过程中找到应用。
英文摘要：
Most microorganisms use hair-like cilia with asymmetric beating to perform vital bio-physical processes. In this paper, we demonstrate a novel fabrication method for creating magnetic artificial cilia capable of such biologically inspired asymmetrical beating pattern essential for creating microfluidic transport in low Reynolds number. The cilia are fabricated using a lithographic process in conjunction with deposition of magnetic nickel-iron permalloy to create flexible filaments that can be manipulated by varying an external magnetic field. A rotating permanent magnet is used to actuate the cilia. We examine the kinematics of a cilium and demonstrate that the cilium motion is defined by an interplay among elastic, magnetic, and viscous forces. Specifically, the forward stroke is induced by the rotation of the magnet which bends the cilium, whereas the recovery stroke is defined by the straightening of the deformed cilium, releasing the accumulated elastic potential energy. This difference in dominating forces acting during the forward stroke and the recovery stroke leads to an asymmetrical beating pattern of the cilium. Such magnetic cilia can find applications in microfluidic pumping, mixing, and other fluid handling processes.
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