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arXiv 1105.6142astro-ph.HE
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平流的大尺度磁场主导吸积流

The large scale magnetic fields of advection dominated accretion flows

Xinwu Cao

摘要:

计算了大尺度磁场穿过ADAF时的对流扩散,发现当磁普朗特数P~1时,吸积流可以有效地将磁场向内拖曳。这是由于ADAF的径向速度大。研究发现,即使外加垂直场强小于ADAF外半径处气体压力的5%,ADAF内靠近黑洞视界的区域的磁压力也可高达气体压力的50%,这是由于气体在边缘稳定圆轨道内迅速冲向黑洞造成的.在ADAF的内部区域中,流动在垂直方向上被磁场显著地加压,并且因此其气体压力可以比没有磁场的ADAF中的气体压力高两个数量级。这意味着传统的ADAF模型在假设磁场和气压均分的情况下低估了黑洞附近的磁场强度。结果表明,在6 GM/c^2时,黑洞视界附近的流场的磁场强度比ADAF中的高出一个数量级以上,这意味着对于ADAF,Blandford-Znajek机制可能比Blandford-Payne机制更重要.我们发现当外加磁场足够强或吸积流的外半径气压较低时,或两者同时存在时,黑洞附近的吸积流被磁场减速。这对应于一个临界吸积率,低于该吸积流将被逮捕的磁场附近的黑洞为一个给定的外部强加的领域。在这种情况下,气体可能会吸积为磁限制的斑点,通过非常接近黑洞视界的区域中的场线扩散,这与致密恒星中的情况相似。

英文摘要:

We calculate the advection/diffusion of the large-scale magnetic field threading an ADAF, and find that the magnetic field can be dragged inward by the accretion flow efficiently, if the magnetic Prandtl number P~1. This is due to the large radial velocity of the ADAF. It is found that the magnetic pressure can be as high as ~50% of the gas pressure in the inner region of the ADAF close to the black hole horizon, even if the external imposed vertical field strength is <5% of the gas pressure at the outer radius of the ADAF, which is caused by the gas plunging rapidly to the black hole within the marginal stable circular orbit. In the inner region of the ADAF, the flow is significantly pressured in the vertical direction by the magnetic field, and therefore its gas pressure can be two orders of magnitude higher than that in the ADAF without magnetic fields. This means that the magnetic field strength near the black hole is underestimated by assuming equipartition between magnetic and gas pressure with the conventional ADAF model. Our results show that the magnetic field strength of the flow near the black hole horizon can be more than one order of magnitude higher than that in the ADAF at 6GM/c^2, which implies the Blandford-Znajek mechanism could be more important than the Blandford-Payne mechanism for ADAFs. We find that the accretion flow is decelerated near the black hole by the magnetic field when the external imposed field is strong enough or the gas pressure of the flow is low at the outer radius, or both. This corresponds to a critical accretion rate, below which the accretion flow will be arrested by the magnetic field near the black hole for a given external imposed field. In this case, the gas may accrete as magnetically confined blobs diffusing through field lines in the region very close to the black hole horizon, which is similar to those in compact stars.

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