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arXiv 1105.5864astro-ph.GA
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银河系厚盘化学和动力学性质的起源

Origin of chemical and dynamical properties of the Galactic thick disk

Kenji Bekki, Takuji Tsujimoto

摘要:

我们采用的方案中,银河系厚盘形成的第一代银河系薄盘(FGTD)和矮星系约9 Gyr前的轻微合并,从而研究化学和动力学性质的银河系厚盘。在这种情况下,厚盘的动力学性质长期以来受到第二代银河系薄盘(即,目前的薄盘)和它的非轴对称结构。另一方面,薄盘的早期恒星形成历史和化学演化受到厚盘剩余气体的影响。基于N体模拟和化学演化模型,我们研究了厚盘的径向金属丰度梯度、结构和运动学性质以及详细的化学丰度模式。我们的数值模拟表明,古老的小合并事件可以显著地拉平FGTD的原始径向金属丰度梯度,特别是在外部,也可以负责内部富金属恒星向外部迁移(R> 10 kpc)。模拟结果表明,由于薄圆盘中分离杆的动力学效应,厚圆盘的中心区域可以形成杆。对于质量比较大(~0.2)和较小(~ 0.5)的小合并模型,模拟的厚盘轨道偏心率分布与相应的观测结果符合得很好。模拟的低轨道倾角合并模型中厚盘的V_{phi} - |z|关系也与最新观测结果符合得很好。我们的银河系化学演化模型可以解释观测到的金属丰度分布函数(MDF)和[Mg/Fe]和[Fe/H]之间的相关性,在一个自洽的方式为两个磁盘。

英文摘要:

We adopt a scenario in which the Galactic thick disk was formed by minor merging between the first generation of the Galactic thin disk (FGTD) and a dwarf galaxy about 9 Gyr ago and thereby investigate chemical and dynamical properties of the Galactic thick disk. In this scenario, the dynamical properties of the thick disk have long been influenced both by the mass growth of the second generation of the Galactic thin disk (i.e., the present thin disk) and by its non-axisymmetric structures. On the other hand, the early star formation history and chemical evolution of the thin disk was influenced by the remaining gas of the thick disk. Based on N-body simulations and chemical evolution models, we investigate the radial metallicity gradient, structural and kinematical properties, and detailed chemical abundance patterns of the thick disk. Our numerical simulations show that the ancient minor merger event can significantly flatten the original radial metallicity gradient of the FGTD, in particular, in the outer part, and also can be responsible for migration of inner metal-rich stars into the outer part (R>10kpc). The simulations show that the central region of the thick disk can develop a bar due to dynamical effects of a separate bar in the thin disk. The simulated orbital eccentricity distributions in the thick disk for models with higher mass-ratios (~0.2) and lower orbital eccentricities (~ 0.5) of minor mergers are in good agreement with the corresponding observations. The simulated V_{phi}-|z| relation of the thick disk in models with low orbital inclination angles of mergers are also in good agreement with the latest observational results. Our Galactic chemical evolution models can explain both the observed metallicity distribution functions (MDFs) and correlations between [Mg/Fe] and [Fe/H] for the two disks in a self-consistent manner.

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