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arXiv 1105.3604hep-thmath-phmath.MPquant-ph
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从四元数量子力学看六维时空

Six-dimensional space-time from quaternionic quantum mechanics

Dorje C. Brody, Eva-Maria Graefe

摘要:

描述非相对论性自旋粒子的四元数量子哈密顿量要求周围的物理空间具有五维。详细计算了自旋为1/2的粒子系统的量子动力学。结果表明,存在着,在结构的四元数量子力学,规范减少到三个空间维度上的标准量子理论检索。在这种降维中,五个动力学变量中的三个被示出为围绕圆柱体振荡,从而在大距离处以准一维的方式表现。一个类似的机制被证明存在于octavic哈密顿的情况下,其中周围的物理空间有九个维度。可能的实验测试在寻找额外的维度在低能量的签名进行了简要的讨论。

英文摘要:

Quaternionic quantum Hamiltonians describing nonrelativistic spin particles require the ambient physical space to have five dimensions. The quantum dynamics of a spin-1/2 particle system characterised by a generic such Hamiltonian is worked out in detail. It is shown that there exists, within the structure of quaternionic quantum mechanics, a canonical reduction to three spatial dimensions upon which standard quantum theory is retrieved. In this dimensional reduction, three of the five dynamical variables are shown to oscillate around a cylinder, thus behaving in a quasi one-dimensional manner at large distances. An analogous mechanism is shown to exist in the case of octavic Hamiltonians, where the ambient physical space has nine dimensions. Possible experimental tests in search for the signature of extra dimensions at low energies are briefly discussed.

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