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arXiv 1105.3563quant-phcond-mat.stat-mech
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平衡约化密度矩阵的动量表示

Momentum representation for equilibrium reduced density matrices

V. A. Golovko

摘要:

本文在动量表象下研究了作者以前得到的描述量子系统的约化密度矩阵的方程族。本文指出,动量表象的应用为非超流和超流宏观量子系统的研究开辟了新的途径。结果表明,即使在实际无相互作用粒子的情况下,量子流体的动量分布也不是玻色分布或费米分布。该分布看起来像麦克斯韦分布,但严格来说,它不是麦克斯韦分布。量子晶体中的动量分布取决于相互作用势和晶体结构。超流体中的动量分布包含一个δ函数。超流晶体中凝聚态的动量分布由动量空间中周期性排列的δ峰组成。如果凝聚晶体不是超流的,周期性结构仍然存在。

英文摘要:

The hierarchy of equations for reduced density matrices that describes a thermodynamically equilibrium quantum system obtained earlier by the author is investigated in the momentum representation. In the paper it is shown that the use of the momentum representation opens up new opportunities in studies of macroscopic quantum systems both nonsuperfluid and superfluid. It is found that the distribution over momenta in a quantum fluid is not a Bose or Fermi distribution even in the limit of practically noninteracting particles. The distribution looks like a Maxwellian one although, strictly speaking, it is not Maxwellian. The momentum distribution in a quantum crystal depends upon the interaction potential and the crystalline structure. The momentum distribution in a superfluid contains a delta function. The momentum distribution for the condensate in a superfluid crystal consists of delta peaks that are arranged periodically in momentum space. The periodical structure remains if the condensate crystal is not superfluid.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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