arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1105.0915astro-ph.EPphysics.comp-phphysics.data-anphysics.space-ph
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四种群模型:一种新的前星子碰撞分类方案

The four-populations model: a new classification scheme for pre-planetesimal collisions

Ralf J. Geretshauser, Farzana Meru, Roland Speith, Wilhelm Kley

摘要:

在碰撞增长的星子形成的情况下,从厘米大小的前星子到公里大小的星子的增长步骤仍然不清楚。从高度多孔的前星子中形成更大的物体可能会被破坏性碰撞中的碎片化和相互反弹与压实的结合所阻止。然而,适量的碎片是必要的,以解释所观察到的尘埃功能晚金牛座T光盘。因此,需要关于小行星碰撞前的结果的详细数据,而且必须以适当和精确的格式提出。我们提出并应用了一个新的分类方案的基础上的定量方面的四个片段的人口:最大和第二大的片段,幂律人口,和一个子分辨率人口的前星子碰撞。对于前星子碰撞的模拟,我们采用了扩展的SPH数值格式,用于多孔固体的模拟。通过实验室基准实验,该模型先前进行了校准和测试,以正确模拟宏观高度多孔二氧化硅粉尘聚集体的压实,弹跳和破碎行为。它表明,以前的尝试映射碰撞数据过于面向定性分类到坚持,弹跳,和碎片事件。我们表明,四种群模型包括所有以前的分类,并允许过渡。这是因为它基于每个群体的定量特征属性,例如质量、动能和填充因子。作为四种群模型的适用性和功率的演示,我们利用它来呈现中间孔隙度聚集体迎面碰撞中碰撞速度的影响的研究结果。

英文摘要:

Within the collision growth scenario for planetesimal formation, the growth step from centimetre sized pre-planetesimals to kilometre sized planetesimals is still unclear. The formation of larger objects from the highly porous pre-planetesimals may be halted by a combination of fragmentation in disruptive collisions and mutual rebound with compaction. However, the right amount of fragmentation is necessary to explain the observed dust features in late T Tauri discs. Therefore, detailed data on the outcome of pre-planetesimal collisions is required and has to be presented in a suitable and precise format. We propose and apply a new classification scheme for pre-planetesimal collisions based on the quantitative aspects of four fragment populations: the largest and second largest fragment, a power-law population, and a sub-resolution population. For the simulations of pre-planetesimal collisions, we adopt the SPH numerical scheme with extensions for the simulation of porous solid bodies. By means of laboratory benchmark experiments, this model was previously calibrated and tested for the correct simulation of the compaction, bouncing, and fragmentation behaviour of macroscopic highly porous silica dust aggregates. It is shown that previous attempts to map collision data were much too oriented on qualitatively categorising into sticking, bouncing, and fragmentation events. We show that the four-populations model encompasses all previous categorisations and in addition allows for transitions. This is because it is based on quantitative characteristic attributes of each population such as the mass, kinetic energy, and filling factor. As a demonstration of the applicability and the power of the four-populations model, we utilise it to present the results of a study on the influence of collision velocity in head-on collisions of intermediate porosity aggregates.

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