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arXiv 1104.2889gr-qcastro-ph.HEhep-th
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Einstein-aether和Horava-Lifshitz引力中的黑洞

Black holes in Einstein-aether and Horava-Lifshitz gravity

Enrico Barausse, Ted Jacobson, Thomas P. Sotiriou

摘要:

我们研究了爱因斯坦-以太理论中的球形黑洞解。爱因斯坦-以太理论是一种洛伦兹破坏引力理论,由广义相对论和一个定义了优选类时方向的动力学单位类时矢量(“以太”)组成。这些也是霍拉瓦-利夫希茨引力的红外极限的解。我们探索的参数值的两个理论,目前已知的实验约束条件得到满足,并发现球形黑洞解的类型,预计形成的引力坍缩存在所有这些参数。在度规视界之外,对于大多数探索过的参数区域来说,偏离史瓦西度规的偏差通常不超过百分之几,这使得它们很难用电磁探测器观察到,但原则上未来的引力波探测器可以达到。值得注意的是,我们发现,解决方案拥有一个普遍的地平线,不远处的度量地平线,陷阱波的任何速度相对于以太。因此,黑洞的概念在这些理论中仍然存在,即使在存在任意高的传播速度的情况下也是如此。

英文摘要:

We study spherical black-hole solutions in Einstein-aether theory, a Lorentz-violating gravitational theory consisting of General Relativity with a dynamical unit timelike vector (the "aether") that defines a preferred timelike direction. These are also solutions to the infrared limit of Horava-Lifshitz gravity. We explore parameter values of the two theories where all presently known experimental constraints are satisfied, and find that spherical black-hole solutions of the type expected to form by gravitational collapse exist for all those parameters. Outside the metric horizon, the deviations away from the Schwarzschild metric are typically no more than a few percent for most of the explored parameter regions, which makes them difficult to observe with electromagnetic probes, but in principle within reach of future gravitational-wave detectors. Remarkably, we find that the solutions possess a universal horizon, not far inside the metric horizon, that traps waves of any speed relative to the aether. A notion of black hole thus persists in these theories, even in the presence of arbitrarily high propagation speeds.

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