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arXiv 1102.3612gr-qc
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违反爱因斯坦相对论:动机、理论与现象学

Violations of Einstein's Relativity: Motivations, Theory, and Phenomenology

Ralf Lehnert

摘要:

当今物理学中最困难的问题之一是关于空间、时间和物质的基本理论,它包含了对引力的一致量子描述。对于这样一个量子引力理论有各种各样的理论方法。然而,在这一研究领域的实验进展受到阻碍,因为许多模型预测偏离既定的物理学,这些物理学被普朗克尺度的某些幂所抑制,而普朗克尺度目前似乎是不可测量的。然而,相对论的检验为克服这一现象学障碍提供了一条有希望的途径:许多基础物理学模型都可以容纳洛伦兹对称性的小破坏,许多可行的洛伦兹对称性检验都有普朗克的范围。因此,这种对爱因斯坦相对论的轻微违反已经成为最近研究工作的焦点。本报告提供了一个简要的调查,在这一研究领域的关键思想,是面向实验和理论。特别是,几个理论机制,导致偏离相对论,提出了标准的理论框架,相对论违反在目前可访问的能量尺度(即,的中小企业)进行了审查,并在这一领域的各种目前和不久的将来的实验努力进行了讨论。

英文摘要:

One of the most difficult questions in present-day physics concerns a fundamental theory of space, time, and matter that incorporates a consistent quantum description of gravity. There are various theoretical approaches to such a quantum-gravity theory. Nevertheless, experimental progress is hampered in this research field because many models predict deviations from established physics that are suppressed by some power of the Planck scale, which currently appears to be immeasurably small. However, tests of relativity theory provide one promising avenue to overcome this phenomenological obstacle: many models for underlying physics can accommodate a small breakdown of Lorentz symmetry, and numerous feasible Lorentz-symmetry tests have Planck reach. Such mild violations of Einstein's relativity have therefore become a focus of recent research efforts. This presentation provides a brief survey of the key ideas in this research field and is geared at both experimentalists and theorists. In particular, several theoretical mechanisms leading to deviations from relativity theory are presented; the standard theoretical framework for relativity violations at currently accessible energy scales (i.e., the SME) is reviewed, and various present and near-future experimental efforts within this field are discussed.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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