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arXiv 1102.2318quant-phcond-mat.mes-hallmath-phmath.MP
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量子精密测量的进展

Advances in Quantum Metrology

Vittorio Giovannetti, Seth Lloyd, Lorenzo Maccone

摘要:

在经典估计理论中,中心极限定理意味着测量结果中的统计误差可以通过重复测量n次然后平均来减少与n^(-1/2)成比例的量。利用量子效应,如纠缠,通常可以做得更好,将误差减少与1/n成比例的量。量子精密测量是研究那些量子技术,使一个获得优于纯粹的经典方法。在这篇综述中,我们分析了一些最有前途的最新进展,在这一研究领域。具体来说,我们处理的理论的发展,并指出一些新的实验。然后,我们看看该领域的主要新趋势之一,分析理论如何必须考虑噪声和实验缺陷的存在。

英文摘要:

In classical estimation theory, the central limit theorem implies that the statistical error in a measurement outcome can be reduced by an amount proportional to n^(-1/2) by repeating the measures n times and then averaging. Using quantum effects, such as entanglement, it is often possible to do better, decreasing the error by an amount proportional to 1/n. Quantum metrology is the study of those quantum techniques that allow one to gain advantages over purely classical approaches. In this review, we analyze some of the most promising recent developments in this research field. Specifically, we deal with the developments of the theory and point out some of the new experiments. Then we look at one of the main new trends of the field, the analysis of how the theory must take into account the presence of noise and experimental imperfections.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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