We set up, purely in A-model terms, a novel formalism for the global solution of the open and closed topological A-model on toric Calabi-Yau threefolds. The starting point is to build on recent progress in the mathematical theory of open Gromov-Witten invariants of orbifolds; we interpret the localization formulae as relating D-brane amplitudes to closed string amplitudes perturbed with twisted masses through an analogue of the "loop insertion operator" of matrix models. We first generalize this form of open/closed string duality to general toric backgrounds in all chambers of the stringy Kaehler moduli space; secondly, we display a neat connection of the (gauged) closed string side to tau functions of 1+1 Hamiltonian integrable hierarchies, and exploit it to provide an effective computation of open string amplitudes. In doing so, we also provide a systematic treatment of the change of flat open moduli induced by a phase transition in the closed moduli space. We test our proposal in detail by providing an extensive number of checks. We also use our formalism to give a localization-based derivation of the Hori-Vafa spectral curves as coming from a resummation of A-model disc instantons.
A simple construction of Whitham type hierarchies in all genera is suggested. Potentials of these hierarchies are written as integrals of hypergeometric type. Possible generalization for universal moduli space is also briefly discussed.
We prove that the total descendant potential functions of the theory of Fan-Jarvis-Ruan-Witten for D_4 with symmetry group <J> and D_4^T with symmetry group G_{max}, respectively, are both tau-functions of the D_4 Kac-Wakimoto/Drinfeld-Sokolov hierarchy. This completes the proof, begun in [FJR], of the Witten Integrable Hierarchies Conjecture for all simple (ADE) singularities.
An integrable field theory, due to path-independence on the space-time plane, should yield together with an infinite set of independent conserved charges also similar dual charges determining the boundary and defect contributions. On the example of the nonlinear Schroedinger equation we unravel hidden hierarchies and dual structures and show the complete integrability through a novel Yang-Baxter equation at the classical and quantum level with exact solution.
We use the connection between the Frobrenius manifold and the Douglas string equation to further investigate Minimal Liouville gravity. We search a solution of the Douglas string equation and simultaneously a proper transformation from the KdV to the Liouville frame which ensure the fulfilment of the conformal and fusion selection rules. We find that the desired solution of the string equation has explicit and simple form in the flat coordinates on the Frobenious manifold in the general case of (p,q) Minimal Liouville gravity.
Beyond descendants: integrable observables for cohomological field theories
Korteweg-de Vriesinstituut voor Wiskunde, Universiteit van Amsterdam（阿姆斯特丹大学科特韦格-德弗里斯数学研究所）；Sezione di Matematica, Dipartimento MIGe, Università degli studi di Trieste（的里雅斯特大学MIGe系数学分部）；Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Trieste（意大利国家核物理研究所的里雅斯特分部）
A tau function of the 2D Toda hierarchy can be obtained from a generating function of the two-partition cubic Hodge integrals. The associated Lax operators turn out to satisfy an algebraic relation. This algebraic relation can be used to identify a reduced system of the 2D Toda hierarchy that emerges when the parameter $τ$ of the cubic Hodge integrals takes a special value. Integrable hierarchies of the Volterra type are shown to be such reduced systems. They can be derived for positive rational values of $τ$. In particular, the discrete series $τ= 1,2,\ldots$ correspond to the Volterra lattic…
We propose a scheme for nonlinearizing linear equations to generate integrable nonlinear systems of both the AKNS and the KN classes, based on the simple idea of dimensional analysis and detecting the building blocks of the Lax pair. Along with the well known equations we discover a novel integrable hierarchy of higher order nonholonomic deformations for the AKNS family, e.g. for the KdV, the mKdV, the NLS and the SG equation, showing thus a two-fold universality of the recently found deformation for the KdV equation.
Supersymmetry for integrable hierarchies on loop superalgebras
在可积系统的背景下，利用代数方法给出了N=2的超对称变换，这些超对称变换基于具有齐次阶化的loop超代数$\hat{\rm sl}(p+1,p), p \ge 1$.我们的工作与扩展的可积的层次结构，其中包含超对称AKNS和Lund-Regge部门。我们导出了N=2超对称模型的正、负演化方程的单孤子解$p=1$。
We obtain variational formulas for holomorphic objects on Riemann surfaces with respect to arbitrary local coordinates on the moduli space of complex structures. These formulas are written in terms of a canonical object on the moduli space which corresponds to the pairing between the space of quadratic differentials and the tangent space to the moduli space. This canonical object satisfies certain commutation relations which appear to be the same as the ones that emerged in the integrability theory of Whitham type hierarchies. Driven by this observation, we develop the theory of Whitham type h…
In [1], Nakatsu and Takasaki have shown that the melting crystal model behind the topological strings vertex provides a tau-function of the KP hierarchy after an appropriate time deformation. We revisit their derivation with a focus on the underlying quantum $W_{1+\infty}$ symmetry. Specifically, we point out the role played by automorphisms and the connection with the intertwiner - or vertex operator - of the algebra. This algebraic perspective allows us to extend part of their derivation to the refined melting crystal model, lifting the algebra to the quantum toroidal algebra of $\mathfrak{g…
The partition function for a canonical ensemble of 2D Coulomb charges in a background potential (the Dyson gas) is realized as a vacuum expectation value of a group-like element constructed in terms of free fermionic operators. This representation provides an explicit identification of the partition function with a tau-function of the 2D Toda lattice hierarchy. Its dispersionless (quasiclassical) limit yields the tau-function for analytic curves encoding the integrable structure of the inverse potential problem and parametric conformal maps. A similar fermionic realization of partition functio…
We consider the theory of Lax equations in complex simple and reductive classical Lie algebras with the spectral parameter on a Riemann surface of finite genus. Our approach is based on the new objects -- the Lax operator algebras, and develops the approach of I.Krichever treating the $\gl(n)$ case. For every Lax operator considered as the mapping sending a point of the cotangent bundle on the space of extended Tyrin data to an element of the corresponding Lax operator algebra we construct the hierarchy of mutually commuting flows given by Lax equations and prove that those are Hamiltonian wit…
Within the context of Supersymmetric Quantum Mechanics and its related hierarchies of integrable quantum Hamiltonians and potentials, a general programme is outlined and applied to its first two simplest illustrations. Going beyond the usual restriction of shape invariance for intertwined potentials, it is suggested to require a similar relation for Hamiltonians in the hierarchy separated by an arbitrary number of levels, N. By requiring further that these two Hamiltonians be in fact identical up to an overall shift in energy, a periodic structure is installed in the hierarchy of quantum syste…
The main results for the two-dimensional quantum gravity, conjectured from the matrix model or integrable approach, are presented in the form to be compared with the world-sheet or Liouville approach. In spherical limit the integrable side for minimal string theories is completely formulated using simple manipulations with two polynomials, based on residue formulas from quasiclassical hierarchies. Explicit computations for particular models are performed and certain delicate issues of nontrivial relations among them are discussed. They concern the connections between different theories, obtain…
