超对称量子力学、可积势的工程层次和广义拉盖尔多项式
Supersymmetric Quantum Mechanics, Engineered Hierarchies of Integrable Potentials, and the Generalised Laguerre Polynomials
摘要：
在超对称量子力学及其相关层次的可积量子哈密顿量和潜力的背景下，概述了一个通用程序，并应用于其前两个最简单的插图。超越了通常的限制形状不变性的相互交织的潜力，它是建议需要一个类似的关系的哈密顿在层次结构中分离的任意数量的水平，N。通过进一步要求这两个哈密顿量在能量的整体移动之前实际上是相同的，在量子系统的层次结构中安装了一个周期性结构，这应该允许它的解。特定类别的正交多项式的特点，这种周期性的层次结构，从而产生，而超对称量子力学的方法，然后导致广义罗德里格斯公式和递归关系，这样的多项式。该方法还提供了量子建模的实际前景，通过工程的量子势从实验能谱。在本文中，这些想法提出并解决了明确的情况N=1和N=2。后一种情况与广义拉盖尔多项式有关，因此确实得到了新的结果。与此同时，新的类的可积量子势，概括的谐振子，其特征在于由两个任意的能隙被确定，为一个完整的解决方案是实现代数。
英文摘要：
Within the context of Supersymmetric Quantum Mechanics and its related hierarchies of integrable quantum Hamiltonians and potentials, a general programme is outlined and applied to its first two simplest illustrations. Going beyond the usual restriction of shape invariance for intertwined potentials, it is suggested to require a similar relation for Hamiltonians in the hierarchy separated by an arbitrary number of levels, N. By requiring further that these two Hamiltonians be in fact identical up to an overall shift in energy, a periodic structure is installed in the hierarchy of quantum systems which should allow for its solution. Specific classes of orthogonal polynomials characteristic of such periodic hierarchies are thereby generated, while the methods of Supersymmetric Quantum Mechanics then lead to generalised Rodrigues formulae and recursion relations for such polynomials. The approach also offers the practical prospect of quantum modelling through the engineering of quantum potentials from experimental energy spectra. In this paper these ideas are presented and solved explicitly for the cases N=1 and N=2. The latter case is related to the generalised Laguerre polynomials, for which indeed new results are thereby obtained. At the same time new classes of integrable quantum potentials which generalise that of the harmonic oscillator and which are characterised by two arbitrary energy gaps are identified, for which a complete solution is achieved algebraically.
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