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arXiv 1101.0101cond-mat.stat-mechcond-mat.soft
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无热非晶态固体存在吗?

Do Athermal Amorphous Solids Exist?

H. G. E. Hentschel, Smarajit Karmakar, Edan Lerner, Itamar Procaccia

摘要:

本文研究了热力学极限下由有限程相互作用粒子组成的非晶态固体的弹性理论。弹性理论的存在要求所有的弹性系数,线性的和非线性的,达到一个有限的热力学极限。我们表明,对于这样的系统的存在的非仿射力学响应的弹性理论的所有非线性系数的异常波动的结果。当剪切模量存在时,第一非线性系数B_2出现反常涨落,第二非线性系数B_3和所有高阶系数(对称性不为零)在热力学极限内发散。这些结果对非晶态固体在有限应变下,甚至在零温下是否存在弹性(或坚固性)打上了问号。我们讨论了这些结果的物理意义,并提出在这些系统中,弹性永远不能从塑性解耦:非线性响应必须是非常实质性的塑性。

英文摘要:

We study the elastic theory of amorphous solids made of particles with finite range interactions in the thermodynamic limit. For the elastic theory to exist one requires all the elastic coefficients, linear and nonlinear, to attain a finite thermodynamic limit. We show that for such systems the existence of non-affine mechanical responses results in anomalous fluctuations of all the nonlinear coefficients of the elastic theory. While the shear modulus exists, the first nonlinear coefficient B_2 has anomalous fluctuations and the second nonlinear coefficient B_3 and all the higher order coefficients (which are non-zero by symmetry) diverge in the thermodynamic limit. These results put a question mark on the existence of elasticity (or solidity) of amorphous solids at finite strains, even at zero temperature. We discuss the physical meaning of these results and propose that in these systems elasticity can never be decoupled from plasticity: the nonlinear response must be very substantially plastic.

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