Quantum phase transitions (QPTs) arise as a result of competing interactions in a quantum many-body system. Kondo lattice models, containing a lattice of localized magnetic moments and a band of conduction electrons, naturally feature such competing interactions. A Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) exchange interaction among the local moments promotes magnetic ordering. However, a Kondo exchange interaction between the local moments and conduction electrons favors the Kondo-screened singlet ground state. This chapter summarizes the basic physics of QPTs in antiferromagnetic Kondo lattice systems. Two types of quantum critical points (QCPs) are considered. Spin-density-wave quantum criticality occurs at a conventional type of QCP, which invokes only the fluctuations of the antiferromagnetic order parameter. Local quantum criticality describes a new type of QCP, which goes beyond the Landau paradigm and involves a breakdown of the Kondo effect. This critical Kondo breakdown effect leads to non-Fermi liquid electronic excitations, which are part of the critical excitation spectrum and are in addition to the fluctuations of the magnetic order parameter. Across such a QCP, there is a sudden collapse of the Fermi surface from large to small. I close with a brief summary of relevant experiments, and outline a number of outstanding issues, including the global phase diagram.
Metallic quantum criticality often develops in strongly correlated systems with local effective degrees of freedom. In this work, we consider an Anderson lattice model with SU(2) symmetry. The model is treated by the extended dynamical mean-field theory (EDMFT) in combination with a continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo method. We demonstrate a continuous quantum phase transition, establish the ensuing quantum critical point to be of a Kondo-destruction type, and determine the anomalous scaling properties. We connect the continuous nature of the transition to a dynamical Kondo effect, which we c…
The observation of quantum criticality in diverse classes of strongly correlated electron systems has been instrumental in establishing ordering principles, discovering new phases, and identifying the relevant degrees of freedom and interactions. At focus so far have been insulators and metals. Semimetals, which are of great current interest as candidate phases with nontrivial topology, are much less explored in experiments. Here we study the Kondo semimetal CeRu$_4$Sn$_6$ by magnetic susceptibility, specific heat, and inelastic neutron scattering experiments. The power-law divergence of the m…
Kondo insulators are predicted to undergo an insulator-to-metal transition under applied magnetic field, yet the extremely high fields required to date have prohibited a comprehensive investigation of the nature of this transition. Here we show that Ce3Bi4Pd3 provides an ideal platform for this investigation, owing to the unusually small magnetic field of B ~ 11 T required to overcome its Kondo insulating gap. Above Bc, we find a magnetic field-induced Fermi liquid state whose characteristic energy scale T_FL collapses near Bc in a manner indicative of a magnetic field-tuned quantum critical p…
We propose a realization of Kondo-lattice physics in moiré superlattices at the interface between a WX$_2$ homobilayer and MoX$_2$ monolayer (where X=S,Se). Under appropriate gating conditions, the interface-WX$_2$-layer forms a triangular lattice of local moments that couple to itinerant electrons in the other WX$_2$-layer via a gate-tunable Kondo exchange interaction. Using a parton mean-field approach we identify a range of twist-angles which support a gate-tuned quantum phase transition between a heavy-fermion liquid with large anomalous Hall conductance and a fractionalized chiral spin-li…
A multichannel Kondo model, where two or more equivalent but independent channels of electrons compete to screen a spin-1/2 impurity, shows overcompensation of the impurity spin, leading to the non-Fermi-liquid behavior in various thermodynamic and transport properties. However, when the channel symmetry is broken, an impurity quantum phase transition can occur at zero temperature. Identification of an order parameter describing the impurity quantum phase transition is very difficult since it is beyond the conventional Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson theory. By employing the natural orbitals renormaliz…
Kondo Destruction in Heavy Fermion Quantum Criticality and the Photoemission Spectrum of YbRh$_2$Si$_2$
重费米子金属为研究量子临界性提供了原型。在实验上，量子临界点已经在越来越多的重费米子化合物中被识别和研究。从理论上讲，近藤破坏提供了一种手段来表征一类非常规的量子临界点，超越了朗道框架的序参数波动。这种局域量子临界性的突出证据之一是在YbRh $_2$ Si $_2$中的测量。在有限温度下观察到的霍尔系数和其他运输和热力学量的等温场的依赖性，这指定了一个$T^*(B)$线的温度（$T$）-磁场（$B$）相图中的快速交叉。在这里，我们通过分析交叉宽度与交叉位置的比率来讨论温度升高时会发生什么。在$T \gtrsim 0.5$ K下，该比值接近1，YbRh $_2$ Si $_2$在零磁场下属于量子临界涨落区，其中单粒子谱函数在小费米面和大费米面都具有显著的谱权重。这意味着，在这个温度范围内，任何对费米面敏感的测量也将在大费米面处看到显著的光谱权重。最近报道的YbRh $_2$ Si $_2$在$T>1$ K的角分辨光电子能谱（ARPES）实验与这一预期是一致的，因此支持$T^*(B)$线与近藤破坏物理学的关联。
Pressure-induced superconductivity beyond magnetic quantum criticality in a Kondo ferromagnet
New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Center for Correlated Matter and School of Physics, Zhejiang University（浙江大学物理学院关联物质中心新基石科学实验室）；Hubei Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei Normal University（湖北师范大学材料科学与工程学院光电材料与器件湖北省重点实验室）
Metallic quantum criticality is a central theme in a variety of strongly correlated systems. Recent experiments have raised the fundamental question of how the charge response can be singular in cases where the Landau framework of quantum criticality allows singularity only in the spin channel. Motivated by this emerging issue, we study the particle-hole-asymmetric regime of a Bose-Fermi Anderson model with power-law forms for both the bosonic bath spectrum and the fermionic band density of states. We realize a particle-hole-asymmetric quantum-critical state where quasiparticles are lost due t…
We study the behavior of the entropy of the pseudogap Bose-Fermi Kondo model within a dynamical large-$N$ limit, where $N$ is related to the symmetry group of the model. This model is a general quantum impurity model that describes a localized level coupled to a fermionic bath having a density of states that vanishes in a powerlaw fashion near the Fermi energy and to a bosonic bath possessing a powerlaw spectral density below a cutoff energy. As a function of the couplings to the baths various quantum phase transitions can occur. We study how the impurity entropy changes across these zero-temp…
Perfect $T$-linear resistivity associated with universal scattering rate: $1/τ=αk_B T/\hbar$ with $α\sim 1$, so-called Planckian metal state, has been observed in the normal state of a variety of strongly correlated superconductors close to a quantum critical point. However, the microscopic origin of this intriguing phenomena and its link to quantum criticality still remains an outstanding open problem. In this work, we observe the quantum-critical $T/B$-scaling of the Planckian metal state in the resistivity and heat capacity of heavy-electron superconductor Ce$_{1-x}$Nd$_x$CoIn$_5$ in magnet…
The breakdown of the lattice Kondo effect in local-moment metals can lead to non-trivial forms of quantum criticality and a variety of non-Fermi-liquid phases. Given indications that Kondo-breakdown transitions involve criticality not only in the spin but also in the charge sector, we investigate the interplay of Kondo breakdown and strong valence fluctuations in generalized Anderson lattice models. We employ a parton mean-field theory to describe the transitions between deconfined fractionalized Fermi liquids and various confined phases. We find that rapid valence changes near Kondo breakdown…
Pyrochlore systems ($A_{2}B_{2}O_{7}$) with $A$-site rare-earth local moments and $B$-site $5d$ conduction electrons offer excellent material platforms for the discovery of exotic quantum many-body ground states. Notable examples include U(1) quantum spin liquid of the local moments and semimetallic non-Fermi liquid of the conduction electrons. Here we investigate emergent quantum phases and their transitions driven by the Kondo lattice coupling between such highly entangled quantum ground states. Using the renormalization group method, it is shown that weak Kondo lattice coupling is irrelevan…
当磁序被抑制的相互作用，自旋形成一个高度相关的波动“自旋液体”状态下降到低温。通过近藤效应，当磁序被传导电子完全屏蔽时，局域磁矩也可以被抑制。因此，强几何阻挫和近藤屏蔽的结合可能导致新类型的量子相变。我们报告了低温热力学测量的挫折近藤晶格Pr $_2$ Ir $_2$ O $_7$，它显示了一个手征自旋液体状态低于1.5 K由于伊辛4f本地矩和它们之间的相互作用与Ir传导电子的挫折之间的相互作用。我们的研究结果提供了一个明确的零场量子临界标度的例子，出现在一个自旋液体状态的高度沮丧的金属。
Ordering and criticality in an underscreened Kondo chain
基于钙钛矿镍酸盐RNiO_3中镍价的争议，我们考虑了一维欠屏蔽Kondo链，它由自旋1（“镍”）和电子（“氧”）位置交替组成，除了通常的电子跳跃和S=1自旋与电子之间的自旋-自旋相互作用外，还包含自旋介导的电子跳跃项。利用密度矩阵重整化群（DMRG），我们得到了该模型的零温相图，以及各相的各种关联函数。重要的是，对于一定范围的参数，该模型表现出准长程螺旋（QS）秩序。为了理解DMRG的结果，我们构建了一个基于S=1自旋的Schwinger费米子分解的平均场论，由此我们认为QS相对应于D. N. Sheng，O. I. Motrunich和M. P. A. Fisher [Phys.Rev.B79，205112（2009）]。值得注意的是，我们没有发现任何证据与对称性的“镍”为中心的电荷顺序，这已被认为是由于网站选择性近藤屏蔽的一半S=1的自旋的阶段，并建议这种类型的顺序只发生由于额外的能量增益自发晶格畸变，不存在于这个模型。
Quantum criticality that goes beyond the Landau framework of order-parameter fluctuations is playing a central role in elucidating the behavior of strange metals. A prominent case appears in Kondo lattice systems, which have been extensively analysed in terms of an effective Bose-Fermi Kondo model. Here, a spin is simultaneously coupled to conduction electron bands and gapless vector bosons that represent magnetic fluctuations. The Bose-Fermi Kondo model features interacting fixed points of Kondo destruction with such properties as dynamical Planckian ($\hbar ω/ k_{\rm B} T$) scaling and loss …
Motivated by the recent discovery of ferromagnetic quantum criticality in the heavy fermion compound CeRh$_6$Ge$_4$, we develop a numerical algorithm of infinite projected entangled pair states for the anisotropic ferromagnetic Kondo-Heisenberg model in two dimensions and study the ferromagnetic quantum phase transitions with varying magnetic and hopping anisotropy. Our calculations reveal a continuous ferromagnetic quantum phase transition in the large anisotropic region and first-order quantum phase transitions for smaller anisotropy. Our results highlight the importance of magnetic anisotro…
Quantum criticality in certain heavy-fermion metals is believed to go beyond the Landau framework of order-parameter fluctuations. In particular, there is considerable evidence for Kondo destruction: a disappearance of the static Kondo singlet amplitude that results in a sudden reconstruction of Fermi surface across the quantum critical point and an extra critical energy scale. This effect can be analyzed in terms of a dynamical interplay between the Kondo and RKKY interactions. In the Kondo-destroyed phase, a well-defined Kondo resonance is lost, but Kondo singlet correlations remain at nonze…
The quantum critical point (QCP) in the archetypical heavy-fermion compound CeCu$_6$ doped by Au is described, accounting for the localized $4f$-electron of Ce, using realistic electronic structure calculations combined with dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT). Magnetism trends in Ce(Cu$_{1-ε}$Au$_ε$)$_6$ are compared with those in Co-doped CeCu$_{5}$, which resides on the non-ferromagnetic side of the composition space of one of the earliest rare-earth permanent magnet compounds, Ce(Co,Cu)$_5$. The construction of a realistic Doniach phase diagram shows that the system crosses over a magnetic …
Notable non-Fermi liquid and quantum critical behaviors are observed in rare-earth metallic systems with non-Kramers local moments supporting a number of different multipolar moments. A prominent example is $\text{Pr(Ti,V)}_{2}\text{Al}_{20}$, where the non-Kramers doublet of the $\text{Pr}^{3+}$ ion allows quadrupolar and octupolar moments, but lacks a dipolar moment. Previous theoretical studies show that a single impurity Kondo problem with such an unusual local moment leads to novel non-Fermi liquid states. In this work, we investigate possible quantum critical behaviors arising from the c…
