Non-commutative geometries have been proposed as an approach to quantum gravity and have led to the construction of non-commutative black holes, whose interior singularities are purportedly eliminated due to quantum effects. Here we find evidence that these black holes are in fact unstable, with infalling matter near the Cauchy (inner) horizon being subject to an infinite blueshift of the type that has been repeatedly demonstrated for the Reissner-Nordstr\(\ddot{\text{o}}\)m black hole. This instability is present even when an ultraviolet cutoff (induced by anticipated non-commutative geometric effects) to a field propagating in that spacetime is included. We demonstrate this by following an analogous argument made for Reissner-Nordstr\(\ddot{\text{o}}\)m black holes, and conclude that stability is dependent on the surface gravities \(κ_-\) and \(κ_+\) of the inner and outer horizons respectively. In general if \(κ_- > κ_+\), as we show to be the case here, then the stability of the Cauchy horizon becomes highly questionable, contrary to recent claims.
In this review article we discuss some of the applications of noncommutative geometry in physics that are of recent interest, such as noncommutative many-body systems, noncommutative extension of Special Theory of Relativity kinematics, twisted gauge theories and noncommutative gravity.
Recently, a new noncommutative geometry inspired solution of the coupled Einstein-Maxwell field equations including black holes in 4-dimension is found. In this paper, we generalize some aspects of this model to the Reissner-Nordström (RN) like geometries with large extra dimensions. We discuss Hawking radiation process based on noncommutative inspired solutions. In this framework, existence of black hole remnant and possibility of its detection in LHC are investigated.
We show at one-loop and first order in the noncommutativity parameters that in any noncommutative GUT inspired theory the total contribution to the fermionic four point functions coming only from the interaction between fermions and gauge bosons, though not UV finite by power counting, is UV finite at the end of the day. We also show that this is at odds with the general case for noncommutative gauge theories --chiral or otherwise-- defined by means of Seiberg-Witten maps that are the same --barring the gauge group representation-- for left-handed spinors as for right-handed spinors. We believ…
The Born-Infeld lagrangian for non-abelian gauge theory is adapted to the case of the generalized gauge fields arising in non-commutative matrix geometry. Basic properties of static and time dependent solutions of the scalar sector of this model are investigated.
Under two different metric ansatzes, the noncommutative geometry inspired black holes (NCBH) in the framework of Rastall gravity are derived and analyzed. We consider the fluid-type matter with the Gaussian-distribution smeared mass density. Taking a Schwarzschild-like metric ansatz, it is shown that the noncommutative geometry inspired Schwarzschild black hole (NCSBH) in Rastall gravity, unlike its counterpart in general relativity (GR), is not a regular black hole. It has at most one event horizon. After showing a finite maximal temperature, the black hole will leave behind a point-like mass…
We find a new rotating black hole in three-dimensional anti-de Sitter space using an anisotropic perfect fluid inspired by the noncommutative black hole. We deduce the thermodynamical quantities of this black hole and compare them with those of a rotating BTZ solution.
Using a noncommutative inspired Einstein-Euler-Heisenberg black hole, we analyse the associated graviton and light rings that together with the event horizon, provide the necessary components to build its shadow. An analysis of the angular radius of the noncommutative inspired Einstein-Euler-Heisenberg black hole shows that for observers located in its vicinity, it becomes smaller when compared with the commutative case; this effect is more noticeable as noncommutativity increases. The existence of marginally stable bound orbits and the critical angle for the escaping of photons of a noncommut…
We study the asymptotic quasi-normal modes for the scalar perturbation of the non-commutative geometry inspired Schwarzschild black hole in (3+1) dimensions. We have considered $M\geq M_0$, which effectively correspond to a single horizon Schwarzschild black hole with correction due to non-commutativity. We have shown that for this situation the real part of the asymptotic quasi-normal frequency is proportional to $\ln (3)$. The effect of non-commutativity of spacetime on quasi-normal frequency arises through the constant of proportionality, which is Hawking temperature $T_H(θ)$. We also consi…
We find a new charged black hole in three-dimensional anti-de Sitter space using an anisotropic perfect fluid inspired by the noncommutative black hole as the source of matter and a gaussian distribution of electric charge. We deduce the thermodynamical quantities of this black hole and compare them with those of a charged BTZ solution.
We emphasize the importance of the Voros product in defining a noncommutative inspired Reissner-Nordström black hole. The entropy of this black hole is then computed in the tunneling approach and is shown to obey the area law at the next to leading order in the noncommutative parameter $θ$. Modifications to entropy/area law is then obtained by going beyond the semi-classical approximation. The leading correction to the semiclassical entropy/area law is found to be logarithmic and its coefficient involves the noncommutative parameter $θ$.
Black holes in noncommutative geometry background are considered to be quantized in accordance with the holographic principle. Incomplete gamma function involving the effective black hole mass is replaced by a discrete sum. The mass spectrum as well as the temperature of black holes is presented. The spectra are discrete ones but the shapes are very consistent with the known continuous results.
We consider noncommutative gravity on a space with canonical noncommutativity that is based on the commutative MacDowell-Mansouri action. Gravity is treated as gauge theory of the noncommutative $SO(1,3)_\star$ group and the Seiberg-Witten (SW) map is used to express noncommutative fields in terms of the corresponding commutative fields. In the commutative limit the noncommutative action reduces to the Einstein-Hilbert action plus the cosmological term and the topological Gauss-Bonnet term. After the SW expansion in the noncommutative parameter the first order correction to the action, as expe…
We apply the generalization of the Parikh-Wilczek method to the tunneling of massive particles from noncommutative inspired Schwarzschild black holes. By deriving the equation of radial motion of the tunneling particle directly, we calculate the emission rate which is shown to be dependent on the noncommutative parameter besides the energy and mass of the tunneling particle. After equating the emission rate to the Boltzmann factor, we obtain the modified Hawking temperature which relates to the noncommutativity and recovers the standard Hawking temperature in the commutative limit. We also dis…
Using the noncommutative geometry inspired Vaidya metric obtained in terms of coordinate coherent states and also utilizing the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP), we show that the nonthermal nature of the Hawking spectrum leads to Planck-scale nonthermal correlations between emitted modes of evaporation. Our analysis thus exhibits that owing to self-gravitational effects plus noncommutativity and GUP influences, information can emerge in the form of Planck-scale correlated emissions from the black hole.
We emphasize the importance of the Voros product in defining noncommutative inspired black holes. The computation of entropy for both the noncommutative inspired Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordström black holes show that the area law holds upto order $\frac{1}{\sqrtθ}e^{-M^2/θ}$. The leading correction to the entropy (computed in the tunneling formalism) is shown to be logarithmic. The Komar energy $E$ for these black holes is then obtained and a deviation from the standard identity $E=2ST_H$ is found at the order $\sqrtθe^{-M^2/θ}$. This deviation leads to a nonvanishing Komar energy at the e…
We consider the GUT compatible formulation of noncommutative QED, as well as noncommutative SU(N) GUTs, for N>2, with no scalars but with fermionic matter in an arbitrary, anomaly-free representation, in the enveloping algebra approach. We compute, to first order in the noncommutativity parameters theta, the UV divergent part of the one-loop background-field effective action involving at most two fermion fields and an arbitrary number of gauge fields. It turns out that, for special choices of the ambiguous trace over the gauge degrees of freedom, for which the O(theta) triple gauge-field inter…
Using a noncommutative inspired anti-de Sitter-Einstein-Born-Infeld black hole with both non-commutative mass and charge distributions, we analyse a holographic superconductor in the context of the AdS/CFT correspondence. We show that the coupling of the Born-Infeld parameter and the noncommutative perturbations provides an enhancing mechanism for higher values of the expectation value of the condensate and that noncommutativity counter-balances nonlinearity of the electrodynamics to keep the ratio $ω_g/T_c \approx 8$.
We consider noncommutative GUT inspired field theories formulated within the enveloping-algebra formalism for anomaly safe compact simple gauge groups. Our theories have only gauge fields and fermions, and we compute the UV divergent part of the one-loop background-field effective action involving two fermionic fields at first order in the noncommutativity parameter theta. We show that, if the second-degree Casimir has the same value for all the irreps furnished by the fermionic multiplets of the model, then, that UV divergent part can be renormalised by carrying out multiplicative renormalisa…
We find a new, non-commutative geometry inspired, solution of the coupled Einstein-Maxwell field equations describing a variety of charged, self-gravitating objects, including extremal and non-extremal black holes. The metric smoothly interpolates between deSitter geometry, at short distance, and Reissner-Nordstroem geometry far away from the origin. Contrary to the ordinary Reissner-Nordstroem spacetime there is no curvature singularity in the origin neither "naked" nor shielded by horizons. We investigate both the Hawking process and pair creation in this new scenario.
Recently Verlinde proposed that gravity can be described as an emergent phenomena arising from changes in the information associated with the positions of material bodies. By using noncommutative geometry as a way to describe the microscopic, microstructure of quantum spacetime, we derive modified Friedmann equation in this setup and study the entropic force modifications to the inflationary dynamics of early universe.
We discuss the thermodynamics of the noncommutative inspired Kerr black hole by means of a reformulated Hamilton-Jacobi method and a dimensional reduction technique. In order to investigate the effect of the angular momentum of the tunneling particle, we calculate the wave function to the first order of the WKB ansatz. Then, using a density matrix technique we derive the radiation spectrum from which the radiation temperature can be read out. Our results show that the radiation of this noncommutative inspired black hole corresponds to a modified temperature which involves the effect of noncomm…
We investigate the behavior of a noncommutative radiating Schwarzschild black hole. It is shown that coordinate noncommutativity cures usual problems encountered in the description of the terminal phase of black hole evaporation. More in detail, we find that: the evaporation end-point is a zero temperature extremal black hole even in the case of electrically neutral, non-rotating, objects; there exists a finite maximum temperature that the black hole can reach before cooling down to absolute zero; there is no curvature singularity at the origin, rather we obtain a regular DeSitter core at shor…
We analyze noncommutative deformations of a higher dimensional anti-de Sitter-Einstein-Born-Infeld black hole. Two models based on noncommutative inspired distributions of mass and charge are discussed and their thermodynamical properties are calculated. In the (3+1)-dimensional case, the equation of state and the Gibbs energy function of each model are found.
When embedding models of noncommutative geometry inspired black holes into the peridium of large extra dimensions, it is natural to relate the noncommutativity scale to the higher-dimensional Planck scale. If the Planck scale is of the order of a TeV, noncommutative geometry inspired black holes could become accessible to experiments. In this paper, we present a detailed phenomenological study of the production and decay of these black holes at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Noncommutative inspired black holes are relatively cold and can be well described by the microcanonical ensemble durin…
Phenomenological analysis of the covariant theta-exact noncommutative (NC) gauge field theory (GFT), inspired by high energy cosmic rays experiments, is performed in the framework of the inelastic neutrino-nucleon scatterings, plasmon and $Z$-boson decays into neutrino pair, the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) and the Reheating Phase After Inflation (RPAI), respectively. Next we have have found neutrino two-point function and shows a closed form decoupling of the hard ultraviolet (UV) divergent term from softened ultraviolet/infrared (UV/IR) mixing term and from the finite terms as well. For a …
In this paper we investigate the problem of ordinary baryonic matter accretion onto the noncommutative geometry inspired Schwarzschild black hole. The fundamental equations governing the spherically symmetric steady state matter accretion are deduced. These equations are seen to be modified due to the presence of noncommutativity. The matter accretion rate is computed and is found to increase rapidly with the increase in strength of the noncommutative parameter. The sonic radius reduces while the sound speed at the sonic point increases with the increase in the strength of noncommutativity. Th…
We investigated regular black holes with fuzzy sources in three and four dimensions. The density distributions of such fuzzy sources are inspired by noncommutative geometry and given by Gaussian or generalized Gaussian functions. We utilized mass functions to give a physical interpretation of the horizon formation condition for the black holes. In particular, we investigated three-dimensional BTZ-like black holes and four-dimensional Schwarzschild-like black holes in detail, and found that the number of horizons is related to the spacetime dimensions, and the existence of a void in the vicinit…
We consider the fermionic contributions to the free energy of noncommutative QED at finite temperature $T$. This analysis extends the main results of our previous investigation where we have considered the pure bosonic sector of the theory. For large values of $θT^2$ ($θ$ is the magnitude of the noncommutative parameters) the fermionic contributions decrease the value of the critical temperature, above which there occurs a thermodynamic instability.
It is known that, in the noncommutative Schwarzschild black hole spacetime, the point-like object is replaced by the smeared object, whose mass density is described by a Gaussian distribution of minimal width $\sqrtθ$ with $θ$ the noncommutative parameter. The elimination of the point-like structures makes it quite different from the conventional Schwarzschild black hole. In this paper, we mainly investigate the area spectrum and entropy spectrum for the noncommutative Schwarzschild black hole with $0\leq θ\leq (\frac{M}{1.90412})^{2}$. By the use of the new physical interpretation of the quas…
The importance of the Voros product in defining a noncommutative Schwarzschild black hole is shown. The entropy is then computed and the area law is shown to hold upto order $\frac{1}{\sqrtθ}e^{-M^2/θ}$. The leading correction to the entropy (computed in the tunneling formalism) is shown to be logarithmic. The Komar energy $E$ for these black holes is then obtained and a deformation from the conventional identity $E=2ST_H$ is found at the order $\sqrtθe^{-M^2/θ}$. This deformation leads to a nonvanishing Komar energy at the extremal point $T_{H}=0$ of these black holes. Finally, the Smarr form…
We compute the one loop Casimir energy of an interacting scalar field in a compact noncommutative space of $R^{1,d}\times T^2_θ$, where we have ordinary flat $1+d$ dimensional Minkowski space and two dimensional noncommuative torus. We find that next order correction due to the noncommutativity still contributes an attractive force and thus will have a quantum instability. However, the case of vector field in a periodic boundary condition gives repulsive force for $d>5$ and we expect a stabilized radius. This suggests a stabilization mechanism for a senario in Kaluza-Klein theory, where some o…
In this paper we demonstrate that coordinate noncommutativity at short distances can show up in critical phenomena through UV-IR mixing. In the symmetric phase of the Landau-Ginsburg model, noncommutativity is shown to give rise to a non-zero anomalous dimension at one loop, and to cause instability towards a new phase at large noncommutativity. In particular, in less than four dimensions, the one-loop critical exponent $η$ is non-vanishing at the Wilson-Fisher fixed point.
We propose an alternative interpretation for the meaning of noncommutativity of the string-inspired field theories and quantum mechanics. Arguments are presented to show that the noncommutativity generated in the stringy context should be assumed to be only between the particle coordinate observables, and not of the spacetime coordinates. Some implications of this fact for noncomutative field theories and quantum mechanics are discussed. In particular, a consistent interpretation is given for the wavefunction in quantum mechanics. An analysis of the noncommutative theories in the Schrödinger f…
In a recent string theory motivated paper, Nicolini, Smailagic and Spallucci (NSS) presented an interesting model for a noncommutative inspired, Schwarzschild-like black hole solution in 4-dimensions. The essential effect of having noncommutative co-ordinates in this approach is to smear out matter distributions on a scale associated with the turn-on of noncommutativity which was taken to be near the 4-d Planck mass. In particular, NSS took this smearing to be essentially Gaussian. This energy scale is sufficiently large that in 4-d such effects may remain invisible indefinitely. Extra dimensi…
We analyze the effects of noncommutativity in conformal quantum mechanics (CQM) using the $κ$-deformed space-time as a prototype. Upto the first order in the deformation parameter, the symmetry structure of the CQM algebra is preserved but the coupling in a canonical model of the CQM gets deformed. We show that the boundary conditions that ensure a unitary time evolution in the noncommutative CQM can break the scale invariance, leading to a quantum mechanical scaling anomaly. We calculate the scaling dimensions of the two and three point functions in the noncommutative CQM which are shown to b…
We consider noncommutative geometries obtained from a triangular Drinfeld twist and review the formulation of noncommutative gravity. A detailed study of the abelian twist geometry is presented, including the fundamental theorem of noncommutative Riemannian geometry. Inspired by [1, 2], we obtain solutions of noncommutative Einstein equations by considering twists that are compatible with the curved spacetime metric.
Massive charged and uncharged particles tunneling from commutative Reissner-Nordstrom black hole horizon has been studied with details in literature. Here, by adopting the coherent state picture of spacetime noncommutativity, we study tunneling of massive and charged particles from a noncommutative inspired Reissner-Nordstrom black hole horizon. We show that Hawking radiation in this case is not purely thermal and there are correlations between emitted modes. These correlations may provide a solution to the information loss problem. We also study thermodynamics of noncommutative horizon in thi…
In this paper, using a Hopf-algebraic method, we construct deformed Poincaré SUSY algebra in terms of twisted (Hopf) algebra. By adapting this twist deformed super-Poincaré algrebra as our fundamental symmetry, we can see the consistency between the algebra and non(anti)commutative relation among (super)coordinates and interpret that symmetry of non(anti)commutative QFT is in fact twisted one. The key point is validity of our new twist element that guarantees non(anti)commutativity of space. It is checked in this paper for N=1 case. We also comment on the possibility of noncommutative central …
We observe that the main feature of the Randall-Sundrum model, used to solve the hierarchy problem, is already present in a class of Yang-Mills plus gravity theories inspired by noncommutative geometry. Strikingly the same expression for the Higgs potential is found in two models which have no apparent connection. Some speculations concerning the possible relationships are given.
We study the spectrum of density fluctuations of Fractional Hall Fluids in the context of the noncommutative hidrodynamical model of Susskind. We show that, within the weak-field expansion, the leading correction to the noncommutative Chern--Simons Lagrangian (a Maxwell term in the effective action,) destroys the incompressibility of the Hall fluid due to strong UV/IR effects at one loop. We speculate on possible relations of this instability with the transition to the Wigner crystal, and conclude that calculations within the weak-field expansion must be carried out with an explicit ultraviole…
Inspired by the intimate relationship between Voiculescu's noncommutative probability theory (of type A) and large-N matrix models in physics, we look for physical models related to noncommutative probability theory of type B. These turn out to be fermionic matrix-vector models at the double large-N limit. In the context of string theory, they describe different orbifolded string worldsheets with boundaries. Their critical exponents coincide with that of ordinary string worldsheets, but their renormalised tree-level one-boundary amplitudes differ.
Analysis of the covariant theta-exact noncommutative (NC) gauge field theory (GFT), inspired by high energy cosmic rays experiments, is performed in the framework of the inelastic neutrino-nucleon scatterings. Next we have have found neutrino two-point function and shows a closed form decoupled from the hard ultraviolet (UV) divergent term, from softened ultraviolet/infrared (UV/IR) mixing term, and from the finite terms as well. For a certain choice of the noncommutative parameter theta which preserves unitarity, problematic UV divergent and UV/IR mixing terms vanish. Non-perturbative modific…
We compute higher order contributions to the free energy of noncommutative quantum electrodynamics at a nonzero temperature $T$. Our calculation includes up to three-loop contributions (fourth order in the coupling constant $e$). In the high temperature limit we sum all the {\it ring diagrams} and obtain a result which has a peculiar dependence on the coupling constant. For large values of $eθT^2$ ($θ$ is the magnitude of the noncommutative parameters) this non-perturbative contribution exhibits a non-analytic behavior proportional to $e^3$. We show that above a certain critical temperature, t…
In this paper we complete the program of the noncomutative geometry inspired black holes, providing the richest possible solution, endowed with mass, charge and angular momentum. After providing a prescription for employing the Newman-Janis algorithm in the case of nonvanishing stress tensors, we find regular axisymmetric charged black holes in the presence of a minimal length. We study also the new thermodynamics and we determine the corresponding higher-dimensional solutions. As a conclusion we make some consideration about possible applications.
We study dynamical effects of introducing noncommutativity on string worldsheets by using a matrix model obtained from the zero-volume limit of four-dimensional SU($N$) Yang-Mills theory. Although the dimensionless noncommutativity parameter is of order 1/N, its effect is found to be non-negligible even in the large $N$ limit due to the existence of higher Fourier modes. We find that the Poisson bracket grows much faster than the Moyal bracket as we increase $N$, which means in particular that the two quantities do not coincide in the large $N$ limit. The well-known instability of bosonic worl…
We investigate a curved brane-world, inspired by a noncommutative D3-brane, in a type IIB string theory. We obtain, an axially symmetric and a spherically symmetric, (anti) de Sitter black holes in 4D. The event horizons of these black holes possess a constant curvature and may be seen to be governed by different topologies. The extremal geometries are explored, using the noncommutative scaling in the theory, to reassure the attractor behavior at the black hole event horizon. The emerging two dimensional, semi-classical, black hole is analyzed to provide evidence for the extra dimensions in a …
Inspired by a recent work that proposes using coherent states to evaluate the Feynman kernel in noncommutative space, we provide an independent formulation of the path-integral approach for quantum mechanics on the Moyal plane, with the transition amplitude defined between two coherent states of mean position coordinates. In our approach, we invoke solely a representation of the of the noncommutative algebra in terms of commutative variables. The kernel expression for a general Hamiltonian was found to contain gaussian-like damping terms, and it is non-perturbative in the sense that it does no…
We probe into the instabilities of microscopic quantum black holes. For this purpose, we study the quasinormal modes (QNMs) for a massless scalar perturbation of the noncommutative geometry inspired Schwarzschild black hole. By means of a sixth order Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) approximation we show that the widely used WKB method does not converge in the critical cases where instabilities show up at the third order. By employing the inverted potential method, we demonstrate that the instabilities are an artifact of the WKB method. Finally, we discuss the usefulness of the asymptotic itera…
We study the problem of a Schwarzschild-anti-deSitter black hole in a noncommutative geometry framework, thought to be an effective description of quantum-gravitational spacetime. As a first step we derive the noncommutative geometry inspired Schwarzschild-anti-deSitter solution. After studying the horizon structure, we find that the curvature singularity is smeared out by the noncommutative fluctuations. On the thermodynamics side, we show that the black hole temperature, instead of a divergent behavior at small scales, admits a maximum value. This fact implies an extension of the Hawking-Pag…
One of the effects of noncommutative coordinate operators is that the delta-function connected to the quantum mechanical amplitude between states sharp to the position operator gets smeared by a Gaussian distribution. Although this is not the full account of effects of noncommutativity, this effect is in particular important, as it removes the point singularities of Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordström solutions. In this context, it seems to be of some importance to probe also into ring-like singularities which appear in the Kerr case. In particular, starting with an anisotropic energy-momentu…
Inspired by quantum gravity proposal, we construct a deformed phase space which supports the UV and IR cutoffs. We show that the Liouville theorem is satisfied in the deformed phase space which allows us to formulate the thermodynamics of the early Universe in the semiclassical regime. Applying the proposed method to the Snyder noncommutative space, we find a temperature dependent equation of state which opens a new window for natural realization of inflation as a phase transition from quantum gravity regime to the standard radiation dominated era. Also we obtain finite energy and entropy dens…
Noncommutative generalizations of Yang-Mills theories using Seiberg-Witten map are in general not unique. We study these ambiguities and see that SO(10) GUT, at first order in the noncommutativity parameter θ, is unique and therefore is a truly unified theory, while SU(5) is not. We then present the noncommutative Standard Model compatible with SO(10) GUT. We next study the reality, hermiticity and C,P,T properties of the Seiberg-Witten map and of these noncommutative actions at all orders in θ. This allows to compare the Standard Model discussed in [5] with the present GUT inspired one.
We investigate the pair creation of noncommutative black holes in a background with positive cosmological constant. As a first step we derive the noncommutative geometry inspired Schwarzschild deSitter solution. By varying the mass and the cosmological constant parameters, we find several spacetimes compatible with the new solution: positive mass spacetimes admit one cosmological horizon and two, one or no black hole horizons, while negative mass spacetimes have just a cosmological horizon. These new black holes share the properties of the corresponding asymptotically flat solutions, including…
We give a brief review of two nonperturbative phenomena typical of noncommutative field theory which are known to lead to the perturbative instability known as the UV-IR mixing. The first phenomena concerns the emergence/evaporation of spacetime geometry in matrix models which describe perturbative noncommutative gauge theory on fuzzy backgrounds. In particular we show that the transition from a geometrical background to a matrix phase makes the description of noncommutative gauge theory in terms of fields via the Weyl map only valid below a critical value g_*. The second phenomena concerns th…
We present the state of the art regarding the relation between the physics of Quantum Black Holes and Noncommutative Geometry. We start with a review of models proposed in the literature for describing deformations of General Relativity in the presence of noncommutativity, seen as an effective theory of Quantum Gravity. We study the resulting metrics, proposed to replace or at least to improve the conventional black hole solutions of Einstein's equation. In particular, we analyze noncommutative-inspired solutions obtained in terms of quasi-classical noncommutative coordinates: indeed because o…
