arXiv 1010.44932010-10hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qc

阿贝尔规范对称性的推广与暗物质和能量问题

Generalization of Abelian Gauge Symmetry and the Dark Matter and Energy Problem

Nikolay P. Tretyakov, Alexandre Ya. Terletsky

备注：: 19 pages

摘要：

提出了规范对称性群的交换推广。得到了两参数两连通交换李群族。推导了虚电荷和负能量密度电磁场（暗光子）存在的必要性。当整体拉格朗日量表示可见扇区和隐藏扇区的两个相同拉格朗日量的和或差时（即未破缺的副本）的可能性被扩展对称性排除。这两类场的区别在于，其中一类场的电流项和电磁动力学项在拉格朗日量中符号相同，而另一类场的电流项和电磁动力学项符号相反。因此，与一般情况相反，虚电荷相吸，异电荷相斥。一些宇宙学问题的建议假说进行了讨论。携带虚电荷的粒子（“配子”）被认为是暗物质的候选者。这样的物质在大尺度上是假想带电的，因为暗原子会携带非补偿电荷。因此，在宇宙学尺度上存在着具有负能量密度的（暗）电磁场（法拉达宇宙学思想的复兴）。这导致了这样的假设，即宇宙的现代状态是由具有负能量密度的暗光子主导的辐射，这是观测到的晚期宇宙加速的来源。这为作为重整化真空能量的宇宙学常数的小值提供了一个解释。

英文摘要：

A commutative generalization of the gauge symmetry group is proposed. The two-parametric family of two-connected abelian Lie groups is obtained. The necessity of existence of so-called imaginary charges and electromagnetic fields with negative energy density (dark photons) is derived. The possibilities when the overall Lagrangian represents a sum or difference of two identical Lagrangians for the visible and hidden sectors (i.e. copies of unbroken) are ruled out by the extended symmetry. The distinction between the two types of fields resides in the fact that for one of them current and electromagnetic kinetic terms in Lagrangians are identical in sign, whereas for another type these terms are opposite in sign. As a consequence, and in contrast to the common case, like imaginary charges attract and unlike charges repel. Some cosmological issues of the proposed hypothesis are discussed. Particles carrying imaginary charges ("allotons") are proposed as dark matter candidates. Such a matter would be imaginary charged on a large scale for the reason that dark atoms would carry non-compensated charges. Consequently, there exist (dark) electromagnetic fields with negative energy density on cosmological scales (the reviving of the idea of Faradayan cosmology). This leads to the hypothesis that the modern state of the Universe is radiation-dominated by dark photons with negative energy density that is the source of the observed late-time cosmological acceleration. This provides an explanation for the small value of the cosmological constant as a renormalized vacuum energy.

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摘要：

英文摘要：

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