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arXiv 1010.4489astro-ph.CO
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GMRT观察以检测再电离后21 cm信号

GMRT observation towards detecting the Post-reionization 21-cm signal

Abhik Ghosh, Somnath Bharadwaj, Sk. Saiyad Ali, Jayaram N. Chengalur

摘要:

我们已经分析了610 MHz的GMRT观测对检测红移21厘米信号从z=1.32。用多频角功率谱C_l(Δ nu)表征背景辐射在~20”~ 10“角尺度上的统计特性,频带宽度为7.5MHz,分辨率为125 kHz。实测的C_1(Δ nu)在7 ~ 18 mK^2范围内,主要受前景影响,而预期的HI信号C_1 ^HI(Δ nu)~10^{-6}-10 ^{-7} mK^2要小几个数量级。前景,被认为是源于连续源,预计将与Δ nu平滑变化,而HI信号在~0.5 MHz内去相关,这保持了分离两者的希望。对于每个I,我们使用间隔0.5 <Δ nu <7.5MHz来拟合四阶多项式,从测量的C_I(Δ nu)中减去该四阶多项式以去除跨整个带宽Δ nu <7.5MHz的任何平滑变化的分量。我们发现,在最小l值为1476时,剩余C_l(Δ nu)具有振荡模式,其振幅和周期分别为~0.1 mK^2和Δ nu = 3 MHz,且振幅和周期随l的增大而减小。应用适当选择的高通滤波器,我们能够去除l=1476的残余振荡模式,其中残余C_l(Δ nu)现在在3-sigma噪声水平下与零一致。我们的结论是,我们已经成功地消除了前景在l=1476和残差是一致的噪声。我们使用这一点来对HI信号设置上限,其幅度由x_HI b确定,其中x_HI和b分别是HI中性分数和HI偏置。在我们的观测中,如果x_HI b值大于7.95,则会被检测到,因此在3 σ水平上被排除。(节略)

英文摘要:

We have analyzed 610 MHz GMRT observations towards detecting the redshifted 21-cm signal from z=1.32. The multi-frequency angular power spectrum C_l(Delta nu) is used to characterize the statistical properties of the background radiation across angular scales ~20" to 10', and a frequency bandwidth of 7.5 MHz with resolution 125 kHz. The measured C_l(Delta nu) which ranges from 7 mK^2 to 18 mK^2 is dominated by foregrounds, the expected HI signal C_l^HI(Delta nu) ~10^{-6}- 10^{-7} mK^2 is several orders of magnitude smaller. The foregrounds, believed to originate from continuum sources, is expected to vary smoothly with Delta nu whereas the HI signal decorrelates within ~0.5 MHz and this holds the promise of separating the two. For each l, we use the interval 0.5 < Delta nu < 7.5 MHz to fit a fourth order polynomial which is subtracted from the measured C_l(Delta nu) to remove any smoothly varying component across the entire bandwidth Delta nu < 7.5 MHz. The residual C_l(Delta nu), we find, has an oscillatory pattern with amplitude and period respectively ~0.1 mK^2 and Delta nu = 3 MHz at the smallest l value of 1476, and the amplitude and period decreasing with increasing l. Applying a suitably chosen high pass filter, we are able to remove the residual oscillatory pattern for l=1476 where the residual C_l(Delta nu) is now consistent with zero at the 3-sigma noise level. We conclude that we have successfully removed the foregrounds at l=1476 and the residuals are consistent with noise. We use this to place an upper limit on the HI signal whose amplitude is determined by x_HI b where x_HI and b are the HI neutral fraction and the HI bias respectively. A value of x_HI b greater than 7.95 would have been detected in our observation, and is therefore ruled out at the 3-sigma level. (abridged)

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