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arXiv 1012.1880astro-ph.CO
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在红移z ~ 1处探测发射中的中性氢

Detecting neutral hydrogen in emission at redshift z ~ 1

Nishikanta Khandai, Shiv K. Sethi, Tiziana Di Matteo, Rupert A. C. Croft, Volker Springel, Anirban Jana, Jeffrey P. Gardner

摘要:

我们使用一个大的N体模拟来研究在红移z ~ 1的发射中HI的可探测性,以及当前观测对该时期星系中性氢质量函数的约束。我们考虑三种不同的模型填充暗物质晕HI,旨在包括在这个红移的不确定性。这些模型与最近在z ~ 0.8的发射中检测HI的观察结果一致。虽然检测21厘米的发射从个人晕需要极长的集成与现有的无线电干涉仪,如巨米射电望远镜(GMRT),我们表明,堆叠的21厘米信号从大量的晕可以很容易地检测到。然而,叠加过程需要精确的星系红移。我们表明,在观测时间适中的情况下,对DEEP 2光谱星系红移巡天的射电观测应该能够在5-12 σ水平上探测到质量范围为10^(11.4)M_sun/h < M_halo < 10^(12.5)M_sun/h的HI质量函数。假设对应于GMRT的预期噪声的上限的较大噪声水平,HI质量函数的检测显著性仍处于1.7-3西格玛水平。我们发现,光学未检测到的卫星星系增强HI发射轮廓的母晕,导致更广泛的翅膀以及更高的峰值信号的堆叠配置文件中的大量的晕。我们表明,它是在原则上可以辨别未检测到的卫星的总HI信号的贡献,即使宇宙方差的限制,使我们的一些模型的挑战。

英文摘要:

We use a large N-body simulation to examine the detectability of HI in emission at redshift z ~ 1, and the constraints imposed by current observations on the neutral hydrogen mass function of galaxies at this epoch. We consider three different models for populating dark matter halos with HI, designed to encompass uncertainties at this redshift. These models are consistent with recent observations of the detection of HI in emission at z ~ 0.8. Whilst detection of 21 cm emission from individual halos requires extremely long integrations with existing radio interferometers, such as the Giant Meter Radio Telescope (GMRT), we show that the stacked 21 cm signal from a large number of halos can be easily detected. However, the stacking procedure requires accurate redshifts of galaxies. We show that radio observations of the field of the DEEP2 spectroscopic galaxy redshift survey should allow detection of the HI mass function at the 5-12 sigma level in the mass range 10^(11.4) M_sun/h < M_halo < 10^(12.5)M_sun/h, with a moderate amount of observation time. Assuming a larger noise level that corresponds to an upper bound for the expected noise for the GMRT, the detection significance for the HI mass function is still at the 1.7-3 sigma level. We find that optically undetected satellite galaxies enhance the HI emission profile of the parent halo, leading to broader wings as well as a higher peak signal in the stacked profile of a large number of halos. We show that it is in principle possible to discern the contribution of undetected satellites to the total HI signal, even though cosmic variance limitation make this challenging for some of our models.

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