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arXiv 1302.3631astro-ph.CO
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宇宙流体动力学模拟中Galerkin的中性氢含量

The Neutral Hydrogen Content of Galaxies in Cosmological Hydrodynamic Simulations

Romeel Davé, Neal Katz, Benjamin D. Oppenheimer, Juna A. Kollmeier, David H. Weinberg

摘要:

我们研究了全球HI属性的星系在四分之一亿粒子宇宙学模拟使用小工具-2,专注于如何银河系外流影响HI内容。我们考虑四个外流模型,包括一个新的模型(ezw)的动机最近的星际介质的模拟,其中风速和质量加载因子的规模为预期的动量驱动的外流较大的星系和能量驱动的外流的矮星(西格玛<75公里/秒)。为了获得预测的HI质量,我们采用了一个简单但有效的粒子自屏蔽的局部校正,并从中性到分子氢的观测约束的过渡。我们的ezw模拟产生了一个HI质量函数,其-1.3的模糊端斜率与ALCAFA调查的观测结果吻合良好;其他模型的一致性较差。卫星星系有一个双峰分布在HI分数与晕质量,较小的卫星和/或那些在较大的晕往往是HI不足。在一个给定的恒星质量,HI含量与恒星形成率和金属丰度呈负相关,如预期的那样,如果由随机吸积率。到较高的红移,大质量HI星系消失,质量函数变陡。从z~5-0开始,全球宇宙HI密度保持相当恒定,但较小星系的相对贡献随着红移而增加。

英文摘要:

We examine the global HI properties of galaxies in quarter-billion particle cosmological simulations using Gadget-2, focusing on how galactic outflows impact HI content. We consider four outflow models, including a new one (ezw) motivated by recent interstellar medium simulations in which the wind speed and mass loading factor scale as expected for momentum-driven outflows for larger galaxies and energy-driven outflows for dwarfs (sigma<75 km/s). To obtain predicted HI masses, we employ a simple but effective local correction for particle self-shielding, and an observationally-constrained transition from neutral to molecular hydrogen. Our ezw simulation produces an HI mass function whose faint-end slope of -1.3 agrees well with observations from the ALFALFA survey; other models agree less well. Satellite galaxies have a bimodal distribution in HI fraction versus halo mass, with smaller satellites and/or those in larger halos more often being HI-deficient. At a given stellar mass, HI content correlates with star formation rate and inversely correlates with metallicity, as expected if driven by stochasticity in the accretion rate. To higher redshifts, massive HI galaxies disappear and the mass function steepens. The global cosmic HI density conspires to remain fairly constant from z~5-0, but the relative contribution from smaller galaxies increases with redshift.

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