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arXiv 1107.4772astro-ph.CO
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21厘米观测能区分作为再电离源的高质量和低质量星系吗?

Can 21-cm observations discriminate between high-mass and low-mass galaxies as reionization sources?

Ilian T. Iliev, Garrelt Mellema, Paul R. Shapiro, Ue-Li Pen, Yi Mao, Jun Koda, Kyungjin Ahn

摘要:

通过观察星系在最初的10亿年中对星系际介质的影响来探测第一个星系的前景使我们不禁要问,这种间接观测是否能够诊断出哪些类型的星系是最有可能发生再电离的。为了回答这个问题,我们考虑了一组大规模的再电离辐射转移模拟,这些模拟的体积足够大,可以对可观测到的特征做出有统计意义的预测,同时也可以直接分辨所有原子冷却的晕,直到10^8 M太阳。我们在这里集中在21厘米背景的预测,看看即将到来的观测是否能够区分宇宙电离主要由高质量的晕,其中高质量和低质量的晕负责,并看看这些结果如何取决于不确定的源效率。我们发现,第一代EoR/21厘米射电干涉仪阵列观察到的21厘米波动功率谱应该能够区分由高质量晕单独的情况下,由高质量和低质量晕,在一起。一些再电离方案产生非常相似的功率谱和均方根演变,因此只能区分其不同的平均再电离历史和21厘米PDF分布。我们发现,21厘米PDF分布的偏度平滑LOFAR样窗口显示了一个明确的功能与上升的均方根由于补丁。平均光电离率的测量对所研究区域的平均密度很敏感,因此在某些情况下可能会有很大的偏差。(节略)

英文摘要:

The prospect of detecting the first galaxies by observing their impact on the intergalactic medium as they reionized it during the first billion years leads us to ask whether such indirect observations are capable of diagnosing which types of galaxies were most responsible for reionization. We attempt to answer this by considering a set of large-scale radiative transfer simulations of reionization in sufficiently large volumes to make statistically meaningful predictions of observable signatures, while also directly resolving all atomically-cooling halos down to 10^8 M_solar. We focus here on predictions of the 21-cm background, to see if upcoming observations are capable of distinguishing a universe ionized primarily by high-mass halos from one in which both high-mass and low-mass halos are responsible, and to see how these results depend upon the uncertain source efficiencies. We find that 21-cm fluctuation power spectra observed by the first generation EoR/21-cm radio interferometer arrays should be able to distinguish the case of reionization by high-mass halos alone from that by both high- and low-mass halos, together. Some reionization scenarios yield very similar power spectra and rms evolution and thus can only be discriminated by their different mean reionization history and 21-cm PDF distributions. We find that the skewness of the 21-cm PDF distribution smoothed over LOFAR-like window shows a clear feature correlated with the rise of the rms due to patchiness. Measurements of the mean photoionization rates are sensitive to the average density of the regions being studied and therefore could be strongly skewed in certain cases. (abridged)

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