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arXiv 1209.2215astro-ph.CO
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低质量星系由于超新星反馈对再电离的抑制贡献

A suppressed contribution of low mass galaxies to reionization due to supernova feedback

Stuart Wyithe, Abraham Loeb

摘要:

基于最近对z~7范围内恒星形成率密度函数的观测,我们基于扩展的Press-Schechter形式描述了一个简单的高红移恒星形成率密度函数模型.这个模型假设在每次主要合并之后都有一个星暴,持续时间为t_SF,最多将f_star的星系气体转化为恒星。我们包括一个简单的物理处方超新星反馈,抑制低质量星系中的恒星形成。在高红移条件下,用t_SF和f_star来描述观测到的恒星形成率密度,我们发现单个恒星爆发在t_SF~10^7年后终止。这与超新星祖先的主序星寿命相当,表明一旦超新星反馈有时间发展,高红移恒星暴就会被淬灭。对于恒星形成率超过每年1个太阳质量的星系,高红移星系将其质量的10%转化为恒星,但对于低光度星系,转化率较小。我们的最佳拟合模型成功地预测了在z>~4时恒星形成速率与恒星质量之间的观测关系,而我们推导的恒星质量与晕质量之间的关系也与银河系矮卫星的数据相一致。我们发现,超新星反馈降低了最低质量星系中恒星形成的效率,并使它们对再电离的贡献很小。因此,光电离反馈对低质量星系形成不会显着影响再电离的历史。使用半解析模型的再电离的历史,我们推断,大约一半的电离光子需要完成再电离已经观察到恒星形成的星系。

英文摘要:

Motivated by recent observations of the star formation rate density function out to z~7, we describe a simple model for the star formation rate density function at high redshift based on the extended Press-Schechter formalism. This model postulates a starburst following each major merger, lasting for a time t_SF and converting at most f_star of galactic gas into stars. We include a simple physical prescription for supernovae feedback that suppresses star formation in low mass galaxies. Constraining t_SF and f_star to describe the observed star formation rate density at high redshifts, we find that individual starbursts were terminated after a time t_SF~10^7 years. This is comparable to the main-sequence lifetimes of supernova progenitors, indicating that high redshift starbursts are quenched once supernovae feedback had time to develop. High redshift galaxies convert ~10% of their mass into stars for galaxies with star formation rates above ~1 solar mass per year, but a smaller fraction for lower luminosity galaxies. Our best fit model successfully predicts the observed relation between star formation rate and stellar mass at z>~4, while our deduced relation between stellar mass and halo mass is also consistent with data on the dwarf satellites of the Milky Way. We find that supernovae feedback lowers the efficiency of star formation in the lowest mass galaxies and makes their contribution to reionization small. As a result, photo-ionization feedback on low mass galaxy formation does not significantly affect the reionization history. Using a semi-analytic model for the reionization history, we infer that approximately half of the ionizing photons needed to complete reionization have already been observed in star-forming galaxies.

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