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arXiv 1802.01586astro-ph.COastro-ph.GA
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再电离过程中形成UV背景的LyC光子的普查

A Census of the LyC Photons that Form the UV Background During Reionization

Harley Katz, Taysun Kimm, Martin Haehnelt, Debora Sijacki, Joakim Rosdahl, Jeremy Blaizot

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19 pages, 14 figures, Accepted MNRAS
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摘要：

我们提出了一种新的，在飞行中的光子通量和吸收示踪剂算法，旨在直接测量不同的源人口的metagalactic紫外线背景和电离部分的气体在宇宙中的贡献。我们使用一套多频辐射流体动力学模拟，仔细校准重现一个现实的再电离历史和星系属性在$z \ge 6$，解开不同质量晕和恒星发射的光子的贡献不同的金属和年龄的紫外线背景再电离。虽然在非常早期的宇宙时期，低质量的贫金属晕提供了大部分的LyC光子，但它们的贡献随着时间的推移而稳步下降。在$z = 6$，大质量系统（${\rm M_{halo}}/{\rm M_\odot} > 10^{10} \, {\rm h ^{-1}}$）和富金属恒星（$10^{-3} < Z/Z_{\rm \odot} < 10^{-1.5}$）发射的光子对电离紫外背景的贡献最大。我们证明，有很大的变化，逃逸分数取决于源，逃逸分数最高（$\sim 45-60\%$）的光子发射的最古老的恒星，穿透到IGM通过低不透明度的通道雕刻的电离光子和超新星从年轻的恒星。在HII区域开始重叠之前，光电离率在不同的孤立的HII气泡之间强烈波动，这取决于嵌入的电离源，我们认为这可能会导致矮星系性质的空间变化。

英文摘要：

We present a new, on-the-fly photon flux and absorption tracer algorithm designed to directly measure the contribution of different source populations to the metagalactic UV background and to the ionisation fraction of gas in the Universe. We use a suite of multifrequency radiation hydrodynamics simulations that are carefully calibrated to reproduce a realistic reionization history and galaxy properties at $z \ge 6$, to disentangle the contribution of photons emitted by different mass haloes and by stars with different metallicities and ages to the UV background during reionization. While at very early cosmic times low mass, metal poor haloes provide most of the LyC photons, their contribution decreases steadily with time. At $z = 6$ it is the photons emitted by massive systems (${\rm M_{halo}}/{\rm M_\odot} > 10^{10} \, {\rm h ^{-1}}$) and by the metal enriched stars ($10^{-3} < Z/Z_{\rm \odot} < 10^{-1.5}$) that provide the largest contribution to the ionising UV background. We demonstrate that there are large variations in the escape fraction depending on the source, with the escape fraction being highest ($\sim 45-60\%$) for photons emitted by the oldest stars that penetrate into the IGM via low opacity channels carved by the ionising photons and supernova from younger stars. Before HII regions begin to overlap, the photoionisation rate strongly fluctuates between different, isolated HII bubbles, depending on the embedded ionising source, which we suggest may result in spatial variations in the properties of dwarf galaxies.

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