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arXiv 1409.3544astro-ph.COhep-ph
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星系紫外光度函数和轴子暗物质的再电离约束

Galaxy UV-luminosity function and reionization constraints on axion dark matter

Brandon Bozek, David J. E. Marsh, Joseph Silk, Rosemary F. G. Wyse

摘要:

如果暗物质(DM)是由轴子组成的,那么宇宙中的结构形成将被抑制在轴子金斯尺度之下。利用一个含有轴子和冷暗物质的混合DM模型的晕质量函数的解析模型,结合丰度匹配技术,构造了紫外光度函数。轴子抑制高$z$星系的形成和紫外光光度函数被截断在一个最微弱的极限星等。从紫外光光度函数出发,我们预测了宇宙的再电离历史,发现轴子DM在较低红移处引起再电离。我们使用哈勃超深场紫外光度函数在红移范围$z=6$ - $10$内寻找轴子存在的证据,以及从宇宙微波背景偏振测量的再电离光学深度$τ$。我们考虑的所有探针一致排除了$m_a\lesssim 10^{-23}\text{ eV}$对DM的贡献超过一半,我们最强的约束排除了该模型超过$8σ$显著性。在保守的再电离模型中,带有$m_a=10^{-22}\text{ eV}$的DM的一个主要成分与$τ$的测量值处于$3σ$张力中,对尖核问题的轴子解施加压力。对于只贡献DM的一半的轴子,张力降低到$2σ$。未来JWST在$z=10$ - $13$范围内对紫外光光度函数的测量将为支持或反对$m_a=10^{-22}\text{ eV}$提供进一步的证据。探测更高质量的$m_a=10^{-21}\text{ eV}$将有可能使用先进的ACTPol的动力学Sunyaev-Zel'dovich效应的未来测量来限制再电离的时间和持续时间。

英文摘要:

If the dark matter (DM) were composed of axions, then structure formation in the Universe would be suppressed below the axion Jeans scale. Using an analytic model for the halo mass function of a mixed DM model with axions and cold dark matter, combined with the abundance-matching technique, we construct the UV-luminosity function. Axions suppress high-$z$ galaxy formation and the UV-luminosity function is truncated at a faintest limiting magnitude. From the UV-luminosity function, we predict the reionization history of the universe and find that axion DM causes reionization to occur at lower redshift. We search for evidence of axions using the Hubble Ultra Deep Field UV-luminosity function in the redshift range $z=6$-$10$, and the optical depth to reionization, $τ$, as measured from cosmic microwave background polarization. All probes we consider consistently exclude $m_a\lesssim 10^{-23}\text{ eV}$ from contributing more than half of the DM, with our strongest constraint ruling this model out at more than $8σ$ significance. In conservative models of reionization a dominant component of DM with $m_a=10^{-22}\text{ eV}$ is in $3σ$ tension with the measured value of $τ$, putting pressure on an axion solution to the cusp-core problem. Tension is reduced to $2σ$ for the axion contributing only half of the DM. A future measurement of the UV-luminosity function in the range $z=10$-$13$ by JWST would provide further evidence for or against $m_a=10^{-22}\text{ eV}$. Probing still higher masses of $m_a=10^{-21}\text{ eV}$ will be possible using future measurements of the kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect by Advanced ACTPol to constrain the time and duration of reionization.

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