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arXiv 1009.1189astro-ph.GA
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恒星碰撞对大质量恒星形成的作用

The role of stellar collisions for the formation of massive stars

H. Baumgardt, R. S. Klessen

摘要:

我们使用直接N体模拟的气体嵌入星团的恒星碰撞的形成和质量吸积历史的高质量恒星的重要性进行研究。我们的星系团开始于维里平衡,是气体和原恒星的混合体。然后原恒星以不同的质量吸积速率吸积物质,气体的数量以与恒星质量增加相同的方式减少。在模拟过程中,我们检查恒星碰撞,我们调查的作用,这些碰撞的积累的高质量的恒星和失控的恒星的形成。我们发现大量的碰撞只发生在初始半质量半径rh <0.1pc的团簇中。从它们的母体气体云中出来后,这些星团与观测到的年轻、大质量的疏散星团相比过于紧凑。此外,碰撞主要导致单个逃逸恒星的形成,而不是形成许多具有宽质量谱的高质量恒星。因此,我们得出的结论是,大质量恒星主要通过气体吸积形成,恒星碰撞只起很小的作用(如果有的话)。然而,主序前阶段的恒星碰撞可能有助于形成密集星团中质量最大的恒星,并可能形成质量高达几百Msun的中等质量黑洞。

英文摘要:

We use direct N-body simulations of gas embedded star clusters to study the importance of stellar collisions for the formation and mass accretion history of high-mass stars. Our clusters start in virial equilibrium as a mix of gas and proto-stars. Proto-stars then accrete matter using different mass accretion rates and the amount of gas is reduced in the same way as the mass of stars increases. During the simulations we check for stellar collisions and we investigate the role of these collisions for the build-up of high-mass stars and the formation of runaway stars. We find that a significant number of collisions only occur in clusters with initial half-mass radii r_h < 0.1 pc. After emerging from their parental gas clouds, such clusters end up too compact compared to observed young, massive open clusters. In addition, collisions lead mainly to the formation of a single runaway star instead of the formation of many high mass stars with a broad mass spectrum. We therefore conclude that massive stars form mainly by gas accretion, with stellar collisions only playing a minor role if any at all. Collisions of stars in the pre-main sequence phase might however contribute to the formation of the most massive stars in the densest star clusters and possibly to the formation of intermediate-mass black holes with masses up to a few 100 Msun.

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