波恩优化恒星轨道（BoOST）。天体物理学应用的大质量和超大质量恒星模拟星群
Bonn Optimized Stellar Tracks (BoOST). Simulated Populations of Massive and Very Massive Stars for Astrophysical Applications
摘要：
大质量和超大质量恒星可以通过喷射强烈的恒星风和能量爆炸现象在恒星星族中发挥重要作用。因此，必须在合成模型种群中适当考虑它们的行为。我们提出了9个网格的恒星演化模型序列，连同精细解决插值序列和合成人口，恒星9-500 Msun和金属丰度范围从银河系金属丰度下降到1/250 Zsun。恒星模型计算波恩进化代码一致的物理成分，并涵盖核心氢和核心氦燃烧阶段。插值和人口合成进行了我们新开发的例行'synStars'。八个网格代表缓慢旋转的大质量恒星，具有正常或经典的演化路径，而一个网格代表快速旋转，化学均匀演化的模型。网格包含恒星风特性的数据，如估计的风速和风的动能，以及常见的恒星参数，如质量、半径、表面温度、光度、质量损失率和34种同位素的表面丰度。我们还提供了氦和碳氧核心质量的估计，用于计算恒星残骸的质量。波恩优化恒星轨迹（BoOST）项目以简单的表格形式发布，其中包括恒星模型，内插轨迹和合成种群。BooST涵盖了迄今为止任何已发表的大质量恒星演化模型中最广泛的质量和金属丰度范围，是进一步科学应用的理想选择，例如在低和高红移星系中进行恒星形成研究。
英文摘要：
Massive and very massive stars can play important roles in stellar populations by ejecting strong stellar winds and exploding in energetic phenomena. It is therefore imperative that their behavior be properly accounted for in synthetic model populations. We present nine grids of stellar evolutionary model sequences, together with finely resolved interpolated sequences and synthetic populations, of stars with 9-500 Msun and with metallicities ranging from Galactic metallicity down to 1/250 Zsun. The stellar models were computed with the Bonn evolutionary code with consistent physical ingredients, and covering core hydrogen- and core helium-burning phases. The interpolation and population synthesis were performed with our newly developed routine 'synStars'. Eight of the grids represent slowly rotating massive stars with a normal or classical evolutionary path, while one grid represents fast-rotating, chemically homogeneously evolving models. The grids contain data on stellar wind properties such as estimated wind velocity and kinetic energy of the wind, as well as common stellar parameters such as mass, radius, surface temperature, luminosity, mass-loss rate, and surface abundances of 34 isotopes. We also provide estimates of the helium and carbon-oxygen core mass for calculating the mass of stellar remnants. The Bonn Optimized Stellar Tracks (BoOST) project is published as simple tables that include stellar models, interpolated tracks, and synthetic populations. Covering the broadest mass and metallicity range of any published massive star evolutionary model sets to date, BoOST is ideal for further scientific applications such as star formation studies in both low- and high-redshift galaxies.
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