arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1007.2160cond-mat.stat-mech
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热力学曲率测量相互作用

Thermodynamic curvature measures interactions

George Ruppeiner

摘要:

热力学涨落理论起源于爱因斯坦,他将$S=k_B\lnΩ$的关系颠倒过来,用熵来表示状态的数量:$Ω= \exp(S/k_B)$。该理论的高斯近似在大多数统计力学教科书中都有讨论。我回顾了如何通过增加协方差、守恒和一致性来超越高斯近似的工作。这种推广导致了一个全新的对象:热力学黎曼曲率标量$R$,热力学不变量。我认为,$|R|$是相关的相关长度,并建议$R$的符号对应于是否有效的粒子间相互作用是吸引或排斥。

英文摘要:

Thermodynamic fluctuation theory originated with Einstein who inverted the relation $S=k_B\lnΩ$ to express the number of states in terms of entropy: $Ω= \exp(S/k_B)$. The theory's Gaussian approximation is discussed in most statistical mechanics texts. I review work showing how to go beyond the Gaussian approximation by adding covariance, conservation, and consistency. This generalization leads to a fundamentally new object: the thermodynamic Riemannian curvature scalar $R$, a thermodynamic invariant. I argue that $|R|$ is related to the correlation length and suggest that the sign of $R$ corresponds to whether the interparticle interactions are effectively attractive or repulsive.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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